Abstract | OBJECTIVE: METHOD: We conducted exploratory factor analysis for the PANSS from four groups: 135 healthy subject administrated ketamine or saline, 187 inpatients of ketamine abuse; 154 inpatients of early course schizophrenia and 522 inpatients of chronic schizophrenia. Principal component factor analyses were conducted to identify the factor structure of the PANSS. RESULTS: Factor analysis yielded five factors for each group: positive, negative, cognitive, depressed, excitement or dissociation symptoms. The symptom dimensions in two schizophrenia groups were consistent with the established five-factor model (Wallwork et al., 2012). The factor structures across four groups were similar, with 19 of 30 symptoms loading on the same factor in at least 3 of 4 groups. The factors in the chronic ketamine group were more similar to the factors in the two schizophrenia groups rather than to the factors in the acute ketamine group. Symptom severities were significantly different across the groups (Kruskal-Wallis χ(2)(4) = 540.6, p < 0.0001). Symptoms in the two ketamine groups were milder than in the two schizophrenia groups (Cohen's d = 0.7). CONCLUSION: Our results provide the evidence of similarity in symptom dimensions between ketamine psychosis and schizophrenia psychosis. The interpretations should be cautious because of potential confounding factors.
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Authors | Ke Xu, John H Krystal, Yuping Ning, Da Chun Chen, Hongbo He, Daping Wang, Xiaoyin Ke, Xifan Zhang, Yi Ding, Yuping Liu, Ralitza Gueorguieva, Zuoheng Wang, Diana Limoncelli, Robert H Pietrzak, Ismene L Petrakis, Xiangyang Zhang, Ni Fan |
Journal | Journal of psychiatric research
(J Psychiatr Res)
Vol. 61
Pg. 64-72
(02 2015)
ISSN: 1879-1379 [Electronic] England |
PMID | 25560772
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Copyright | Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
Chemical References |
- Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists
- Ketamine
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Topics |
- Adult
- Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists
(toxicity)
- Factor Analysis, Statistical
- Female
- Humans
- Ketamine
(toxicity)
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Principal Component Analysis
- Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
(statistics & numerical data)
- Psychometrics
(statistics & numerical data)
- Psychotic Disorders
(diagnosis, etiology, psychology)
- Schizophrenia
(diagnosis)
- Schizophrenic Psychology
- Young Adult
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