Comparative proteomic analysis of rat left ventricle in a subtotal nephrectomy model.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with cardiac hypertrophy that leads to increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. To date, use of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockade has been the main treatment modality. However, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockade by the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) can only partially reverse the cardiac hypertrophy without having a significant impact on all-cause mortality as evidenced by meta-analyses from clinical trials. It is imperative to elucidate the molecular pathogenesis of CKD-related cardiomyopathy for potential targets in further treatment.

METHODS:

Male Sprague-Dawley rats that underwent subtotal nephrectomy (SNX) rats were established as the CKD model. A hemodynamic study was used to evaluate the left ventricle (LV) structural and functional alterations. We used proteomic techniques to profile the LV protein changes among sham-operated rats, SNX rats, and SNX rats with 6 months of ACEi enalapril interventions. The differentially expressed proteins were further annotated by functional and network analyses.

RESULTS:

As compared to the sham-operated rats, the SNX rats had 25 upregulated and 46 decreased protein expression. The top canonical pathways identified by ingenuity pathway analysis for the CKD cardiomyopathy were mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid β oxidation, protein ubiquitination, and ketolysis. The most relevant functions extracted from these networks contained 27 and 23 focused proteins, respectively. They were related to cellular assembly and organization, RNA posttranscriptional modification, and protein synthesis. After ACEi intervention for 6 weeks, the residual canonical pathways identified by ingenuity pathway analysis that mediated the CKD-related cardiomyopathy were mitochondrial dysfunction, ketolysis, phenylalanine degradation IV, and putrescine degradation III. There were decreased Sirt3 and SNRNP, and increased monoamine oxidase and SAHH expression in the LV of SNX rats that could not be reversed by the ACEi.

CONCLUSION:

Our studies provide a repertoire of potential biomarkers related to cardiac hypertrophy in CKD. There are still residual disturbed molecules/pathways despite ACEi intervention. Further studies are warranted to investigate these potential novel targets to alleviate CKD-related cardiomyopathy.

• Authors: Yao-Ping Lin, Wen-Chung Yu, Meng-Erh Hsu, Hsiao-Chien Tsai, Chen-Chung Liao, Chao-Hsiung Lin
• Journal: Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA (J Chin Med Assoc) Vol. 78 Issue 4 Pg. 218-28 (Apr 2015) ISSN: 1728-7731 [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 25537970 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier Taiwan.

Chemical References

• Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
• Enalapril

Topics

• Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (therapeutic use)
• Animals
• Blotting, Western
• Cardiomyopathies (drug therapy, etiology)
• Disease Models, Animal
• Enalapril (therapeutic use)
• Heart Ventricles (chemistry)
• Hemodynamics
• Male
• Nephrectomy
• Proteomics (methods)
• Rats
• Rats, Sprague-Dawley
• Renal Insufficiency, Chronic (complications, physiopathology)