Near‑infrared fluorescence imaging of prostate cancer using heptamethine carbocyanine dyes.

Abstract

Near‑infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging is an attractive novel modality for the detection of cancer. A previous study defined two organic polymethine cyanine dyes as ideal NIRF probes, IR‑783 and its derivative MHI‑148, which have excellent optical characteristics, superior biocompatibility and cancer targeting abilities. To investigate the feasibility of NIRF dye‑mediated prostate cancer imaging, dye uptake and subcellular co‑localization were investigated in PC‑3, DU‑145 and LNCaP human prostate cancer cells and RWPE‑1 normal prostate epithelial cells. Different organic anion transporting peptide (OATP) inhibitors were utilized to explore the potential role of the OATP subtype, including the nonspecific OATP inhibitor bromosulfophthalein, the OATP1 inhibitor 17β‑estradiol, the selective OATP1B1 inhibitor rifampicin and the selective OATP1B3 inhibitor cholecystokinin octapeptide. NIRF dyes were also used for the simulated detection of circulating tumor cells and the rapid detection of prostate cancer in human prostate cancer tissues and prostate cancer xenografts in mouse models. The results revealed that the cancer‑specific uptake of these organic dyes in prostate cancer cells occurred primarily via OATP1B3. A strong NIRF signal was detected in prostate cancer tissues, but not in normal tissues that were stained with IR‑783. Prostate cancer cells were recognized with particular NIR fluorescence in isolated mononuclear cell mixtures. The results of the present study demonstrated that NIRF dye‑mediated imaging is a feasible and practicable method for prostate cancer detection, although further investigative studies are required before clinical translation.

• Authors: Jianlin Yuan, Xiaomin Yi, Fei Yan, Fuli Wang, Weijun Qin, Guojun Wu, Xiaojian Yang, Chen Shao, Leland W K Chung
• Journal: Molecular medicine reports (Mol Med Rep) Vol. 11 Issue 2 Pg. 821-8 (Feb 2015) ISSN: 1791-3004 [Electronic] Greece
• PMID: 25354708 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Carbocyanines
• Fluorescent Dyes
• Liver-Specific Organic Anion Transporter 1
• Organic Anion Transporters
• Organic Anion Transporters, Sodium-Independent
• Organic Cation Transport Proteins
• SLCO1B1 protein, human
• SLCO1B3 protein, human
• Solute Carrier Organic Anion Transporter Family Member 1B3
• Sulfobromophthalein
• Estradiol
• Sincalide
• Rifampin

Topics

• Animals
• Carbocyanines (chemistry)
• Cell Line
• Estradiol (chemistry, metabolism)
• Flow Cytometry
• Fluorescent Dyes (chemistry)
• Humans
• Liver-Specific Organic Anion Transporter 1
• Male
• Mice
• Mice, Nude
• Microscopy, Confocal
• Neoplastic Cells, Circulating (pathology)
• Organic Anion Transporters (antagonists & inhibitors, metabolism)
• Organic Anion Transporters, Sodium-Independent (antagonists & inhibitors, metabolism)
• Organic Cation Transport Proteins (antagonists & inhibitors, metabolism)
• Prostate (metabolism, pathology)
• Prostatic Neoplasms (metabolism, pathology)
• Rifampin (chemistry, metabolism)
• Sincalide (chemistry, metabolism)
• Solute Carrier Organic Anion Transporter Family Member 1B3
• Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared
• Sulfobromophthalein (chemistry, metabolism)
• Transplantation, Heterologous