Blood transfusions are in general considered as lifesaving. Current data and evidence show, that
blood transfusions are associated with increased morbidity and mortality, and this apparently dose-dependent. Basic research and results from randomized controlled trials show a causal relationship between
blood transfusion and adverse outcome. Based on the current state of knowledge it has to be questioned that
blood transfusions are "life-saving" as patients are exposed to an increased risk of disease or death. Furthermore,
blood transfusions are more costly than previously assumed. For these reasons novel approaches in the treatment of
anemia and
bleeding are needed. Patient Blood Management (
PBM) allows reduction of transfusion rates by correcting
anemia by stimulating erythropoiesis, minimizing perioperative blood loss and optimizing the physiological tolerance of
anemia. In 2010 the World Health Organization has claimed
PBM to be considered as golden standard.
PBM reduces morbidity and mortality by lowering the excessive use of
blood transfusions. This concept has partially and successfully been implemented in the University Hospital Balgrist in Zurich.