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Taurine attenuates hippocampal and corpus callosum damage, and enhances neurological recovery after closed head injury in rats.

Abstract
The protective effects of taurine against closed head injury (CHI) have been reported. This study was designed to investigate whether taurine reduced white matter damage and hippocampal neuronal death through suppressing calpain activation after CHI in rats. Taurine (50 mg/kg) was administered intravenously 30 min and 4 h again after CHI. It was found that taurine lessened the corpus callosum damage, attenuated the neuronal cell death in hippocampal CA1 and CA3 subfields and improved the neurological functions 7 days after CHI. Moreover, it suppressed the over-activation of calpain, enhanced the levels of calpastatin, and reduced the degradation of neurofilament heavy protein, myelin basic protein and αII-spectrin in traumatic tissue 24 h after CHI. These data confirm the protective effects of taurine against gray and white matter damage due to CHI, and suggest that down-regulating calpain activation could be one of the protective mechanisms of taurine against CHI.
AuthorsY Gu, Y Zhao, K Qian, M Sun
JournalNeuroscience (Neuroscience) Vol. 291 Pg. 331-40 (Apr 16 2015) ISSN: 1873-7544 [Electronic] United States
PMID25290011 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
CopyrightCopyright © 2014 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Chemical References
  • Calcium-Binding Proteins
  • Myelin Basic Protein
  • Neurofilament Proteins
  • Neuroprotective Agents
  • neurofilament protein H
  • Taurine
  • calpastatin
  • Calpain
Topics
  • Animals
  • CA1 Region, Hippocampal (drug effects, metabolism, pathology)
  • CA3 Region, Hippocampal (drug effects, metabolism, pathology)
  • Calcium-Binding Proteins (metabolism)
  • Calpain (metabolism)
  • Cell Death (drug effects)
  • Corpus Callosum (drug effects, metabolism, pathology)
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Gray Matter (drug effects, metabolism, pathology)
  • Head Injuries, Closed (drug therapy, metabolism, pathology)
  • Male
  • Myelin Basic Protein (metabolism)
  • Neurofilament Proteins (metabolism)
  • Neurons (drug effects, metabolism, pathology)
  • Neuroprotective Agents (pharmacology)
  • Random Allocation
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Taurine (pharmacology)
  • White Matter (drug effects, metabolism, pathology)

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