Fasting levels of high-sensitivity growth hormone predict cardiovascular morbidity and mortality: the Malmö Diet and Cancer study.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Both pathological excess and deficiency of growth hormone (GH) are associated with cardiovascular mortality.

OBJECTIVES:

The goal of this study was to test whether fasting levels of growth hormone measured with a high-sensitivity assay (hs-GH) predict cardiovascular morbidity and mortality at the population level.

METHODS:

We studied 4,323 participants (age 46 to 68 years; mean age 58 years; 59% women) of the Swedish, population-based Malmö Diet and Cancer study examined in 1991 to 1994. Using multivariate-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models, we related baseline levels of fasting hs-GH to incidence of coronary artery disease, stroke, congestive heart failure, all-cause mortality, and cardiovascular mortality.

RESULTS:

During a median follow-up of 16.2 years, hs-GH (hazard ratio [HR]/SD increment of natural logarithm of fasting hs-GH) was independently associated with increased risk of coronary artery disease (397 events; HR: 1.11; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01 to 1.23; p = 0.04), stroke (251 events; HR: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.04 to 1.34; p = 0.01), congestive heart failure (107 events; HR: 1.25; 95% CI: 1.03 to 1.52; p = 0.02), all-cause mortality (645 events; HR: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.08 to 1.26; p < 0.001) and cardiovascular mortality (186 events; HR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.24 to 1.66; p < 0.001). The addition of hs-GH to a model with conventional cardiovascular risk factors significantly reclassified risk, with a category-free net reclassification improvement (>0) of 0.542 (95% CI: 0.205 to 0.840) in cardiovascular mortality.

CONCLUSIONS:

Higher values of hs-GH were associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.

• Authors: Erik Hallengren, Peter Almgren, Gunnar Engström, Bo Hedblad, Margaretha Persson, Jennifer Suhr, Andreas Bergmann, Olle Melander
• Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (J Am Coll Cardiol) Vol. 64 Issue 14 Pg. 1452-60 (Oct 07 2014) ISSN: 1558-3597 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 25277616 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2014 American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Human Growth Hormone

Topics

• Aged
• Cardiovascular Diseases (blood, mortality)
• Coronary Artery Disease (blood, epidemiology)
• Diet
• Fasting
• Female
• Heart Failure (blood, epidemiology)
• Human Growth Hormone (blood)
• Humans
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Multivariate Analysis
• Neoplasms (blood, mortality)
• Proportional Hazards Models
• Risk Factors
• Stroke (blood, epidemiology)
• Sweden
• Treatment Outcome