Efficacy of palivizumab prophylaxis among infants with congenital heart disease: A case control study.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Palivizumab prophylaxis for RSV has been consistently reported to reduce the risk of hospital admissions related to RSV infection in children with symptomatic cardiac disease. This study was designed to investigate the efficacy of palivizumab prophylaxis among infants with congenital heart disease (CHD) in Turkey.

METHODS:

A total of 91 infants with CHD who received palivizumab prophylaxis and 96 infants with CHD without prophylaxis (0-12 months:52; 12-24 months:44) were included in this single-center retrospective case control study. Data on patient characteristics, household environment, and LRTIs were evaluated.

RESULTS:

In patients without prophylaxis, the rate of overall lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) (P < 0.001), complicated LRTIs (P = 0.006), LRTI-related hospitalization (P < 0.001) and ICU admission (P = 0.008) were significantly higher than control patients. Weight <10th percentile (odds ratio (OR) 5.78, 95% confidence interval (CI):1.37; 24.4, P < 0.001) and concomitant chromosome abnormality (OR 4.01, 95% CI:1.01;16.45, P < 0.001) in patients with prophylaxis, while presence of a sibling <11 years of age (OR 3.38, 95% CI: 1.21; 9.46, P < 0.001) and congestive heart failure (OR 8.63, 95% CI: 2.81; 26.6, P < 0.001) in the control group were the significant correlates of LRTI-related hospitalization.

CONCLUSION:

Our findings revealed significantly lower rate of overall and complicated LRTIs, LRTI-related hospitalization and ICU admissions in infants with CHD via palivizumab prophylaxis.

• Authors: Abdullah Ozyurt, Nazmi Narin, Ali Baykan, Mustafa Argun, Ozge Pamukcu, Gokmen Zararsiz, Suleyman Sunkak, Kazim Uzum
• Journal: Pediatric pulmonology (Pediatr Pulmonol) Vol. 50 Issue 10 Pg. 1025-32 (Oct 2015) ISSN: 1099-0496 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 25156973 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Chemical References

• Antiviral Agents
• Palivizumab

Topics

• Antiviral Agents (therapeutic use)
• Case-Control Studies
• Female
• Heart Defects, Congenital (epidemiology)
• Hospitalization (statistics & numerical data)
• Humans
• Infant
• Infant, Newborn
• Intensive Care Units
• Male
• Palivizumab (therapeutic use)
• Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections (prevention & control)
• Respiratory Tract Infections (epidemiology, prevention & control)
• Retrospective Studies
• Turkey (epidemiology)