Abstract | AIM: Many cancers originate and flourish in a prolonged inflammatory environment. Our aim is to understand the mechanisms of how the pathway of prostaglandin E2 ( PGE2) biosynthesis and signaling can promote cancer growth in inflammatory environment at cellular and animal model levels. MAIN METHODS: In this study, a chronic inflammation pathway was mimicked with a stable cell line that over-expressed a novel human enzyme consisting of cyclooxygenase isoform-2 (COX-2) linked to microsomal (PGE2 synthase-1 (mPGES-1)) for the overproduction of pathogenic PGE2. This PGE2-producing cell line was co-cultured and co-implanted with three human cancer cell lines including prostate, lung, and colon cancers in vitro and in vivo, respectively. KEY FINDINGS: Increases in cell doubling rates for the three cancer cell types in the presence of the PGE2-producing cell line were clearly observed. In addition, one of the four human PGE2 subtype receptors, EP1, was used as a model to identify PGE2-signaling involved in promoting the cancer cell growth. This finding was further proven in vivo by co-implanting the PGE2-producing cells line and the EP1-positive cancer cells into the immune deficient mice, after that, it was observed that the PGE2-producing cells promoted all three types of cancer formation in the mice. SIGNIFICANCE: This study clearly demonstrated that the human COX-2 linked to mPGES-1 is a pathway that, when mediated by the EP, is linked to promoting cancer growth in a chronic inflammatory environment. The identified pathway could be used as a novel target for developing and advancing anti- inflammation and anti- cancer interventions.
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Authors | Diana Ruan, Shui-Ping So |
Journal | Life sciences
(Life Sci)
Vol. 116
Issue 1
Pg. 43-50
(Oct 22 2014)
ISSN: 1879-0631 [Electronic] Netherlands |
PMID | 25139833
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Copyright | Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
Chemical References |
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E
- Cyclooxygenase 2
- PTGS2 protein, human
- Intramolecular Oxidoreductases
- PTGES protein, human
- Prostaglandin-E Synthases
- Ptges protein, mouse
- Dinoprostone
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Topics |
- Animals
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation
(physiology)
- Colonic Neoplasms
(pathology)
- Cyclooxygenase 2
(metabolism)
- Dinoprostone
(biosynthesis)
- Humans
- Inflammation
(pathology)
- Intramolecular Oxidoreductases
(metabolism)
- Lung Neoplasms
(pathology)
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Microsomes
(metabolism)
- Prostaglandin-E Synthases
- Prostatic Neoplasms
(pathology)
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E
(metabolism)
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