Numerous studies have demonstrated that
inflammation, oxidative stress and altered level of
neurotrophins are involved in the pathogenesis of depressive illness.
Mangiferin, a C-glucosylxanthone is abundant in the stem and bark of Mangifera indica L. The compound has been shown to possess
antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities. The present study was performed to investigate the effect of
mangiferin pretreatment on
lipopolysaccharide-induced increased proinflammatory
cytokines, oxidative stress and neurobehavioural abnormalities. Mice were challenged with
lipopolysaccharide (0.83 mg/kg, i.p.) after 14 days of
mangiferin (20 and 40 mg/kg, p.o.) pretreatment.
Mangiferin pretreatment significantly ameliorated the anxiety-like behaviour as evident from the results of an elevated plus maze, light-dark box and open field test.
Mangiferin pretreatment also improved the anhedonic behaviour as revealed by
sucrose preference test and increased social interaction time. It also prevented the
lipopolysaccharide-evoked depressive-like effect by reducing the immobility time in forced swim and tail suspension test.
Lipopolysaccharide-induced elevated oxidative stress was decreased with
mangiferin pretreatment due to its potential to increase
reduced glutathione concentration,
Superoxide dismutase and
catalase activity and decrease lipid peroxidation and
nitrite level in the hippocampus as well as in the prefrontal cortex.
Mangiferin pretreatment also attenuated
neuroinflammation by reducing the
interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) level in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that
mangiferin possessed
antidepressant and anti-anxiety properties due to its ability to attenuate IL-1β level and oxidative stress evoked by intraperitoneal administration of
lipopolysaccharide.
Mangiferin may be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of depressive and anxiety illness.