Lenalidomide plus R-CHOP21 in elderly patients with untreated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: results of the REAL07 open-label, multicentre, phase 2 trial.
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| Abstract | BACKGROUND: Up to 40% of elderly patients with untreated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) given a regimen of rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone every 21 days (R-CHOP21) relapse or develop refractory disease. Lenalidomide has high activity in relapsed or refractory aggressive B-cell lymphomas. In phase 2 of the REAL07 trial, we aimed to establish the safety and efficacy of the combination of lenalidomide and R-CHOP21 in elderly patients with untreated DLBCL. METHODS: REAL07 was an open-label, multicentre trial that was done in 13 centres in Italy and one in Germany. Eligible patients were aged 60-80 years; had newly diagnosed, untreated, CD20-positive, Ann Arbor stage II-IV DLBCL or grade 3b follicular lymphoma; had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0-2; had an International Prognostic Index (IPI) risk of low-intermediate, intermediate-high, or high; and were fit according to comprehensive geriatric assessment. Participants were to receive 15 mg oral lenalidomide on days 1-14 of six 21-day cycles, and standard doses of R-CHOP21 chemotherapy (375 mg/m(2) intravenous rituximab, 750 mg/m(2) intravenous cyclophosphamide, 50 mg/m(2) intravenous doxorubicin, and 1·4 mg/m(2) intravenous vincristine on day 1, and 40 mg/m(2) oral prednisone on days 1-5). The primary endpoint was frequency of overall response (complete response [CR] and partial response [PR]), which was assessed by (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) PET at the end of the treatment. Analyses were by intention to treat. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00907348. FINDINGS: 49 patients were included in phase 2: nine had been enrolled into phase 1 between Oct 23, 2008, and June 4, 2009, and had received the maximum tolerated dose of 15 mg lenalidomide; and 40 were enrolled into phase 2 between April 28, 2010, and June 3, 2011. 45 patients (92%, 95% CI 81-97) achieved a response (42 [86%] CR; three [6%] PR). Three patients (6%) did not respond and one (2%) died for reasons unrelated to treatment or disease. 277 (94%) of 294 planned cycles of lenalidomide and R-CHOP21 were completed. Grade 3-4 neutropenia was reported in 87 cycles (31%), grade 3-4 leukopenia in 77 (28%), and grade 3-4 thrombocytopenia in 35 (13%). No grade 4 non-haematological adverse events were reported. No patients died during the study as a result of toxic effects. INTERPRETATION:
Lenalidomide with R-CHOP21 is effective and safe in elderly patients with untreated DLBCL. FUNDING: Fondazione Italiana Linfomi and Celgene.
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| Authors | Umberto Vitolo, Annalisa Chiappella, Silvia Franceschetti, Angelo Michele Carella, Ileana Baldi, Giorgio Inghirami, Michele Spina, Vincenzo Pavone, Marco Ladetto, Anna Marina Liberati, Anna Lia Molinari, Pierluigi Zinzani, Flavia Salvi, Pier Paolo Fattori, Alfonso Zaccaria, Martin Dreyling, Barbara Botto, Alessia Castellino, Angela Congiu, Marcello Gaudiano, Manuela Zanni, Giovannino Ciccone, Gianluca Gaidano, Giuseppe Rossi, Fondazione Italiana Linfomi |
| Journal | The Lancet. Oncology (Lancet Oncol) Vol. 15 Issue 7 Pg. 730-7 (Jun 2014) ISSN: 1474-5488 [Electronic] England |
| PMID | 24831981 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Phase II, Journal Article, Multicenter Study, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't) |
| Copyright | Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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