Abstract | OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the usefulness of adding single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/computed tomography (CT) (SPECT/CT) to technetium Tc 99m (Tc) hexamethylpropylene amine oxime (HMPAO)-labeled leukocyte imaging for diagnosing infections in hip or knee joint prostheses. METHODS: The Tc-HMPAO-labeled leukocyte scans of 164 patients (71 with hip prostheses and 93 with knee prostheses) with clinically suspected prosthetic infections were reviewed retrospectively. Planar images were taken 4 to 6 and 21 to 26 hours after injecting the labeled leukocytes and SPECT/CT images were obtained 4 to 6 hours after the injection. The final diagnosis of infection was based on pathologic findings (n = 70), bacteriological data (n = 61), or clinical follow-up (n = 33). RESULTS: Of the 164 patients, 89 patients had a diagnosis of prosthetic joint infections. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and diagnostic accuracy of the planar images alone were 82.0%, 88.0%, 89.0%, 80.5%, and 84.8%, respectively. When the planar images were combined with SPECT, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and diagnostic accuracy were 91.0%, 88.0%, 90.0%, 89.2%, and 89.6%, respectively. When the planar images were combined with SPECT/CT, these values increased further to 93.3%, 93.3%, 94.3%, 92.1%, and 93.3%, respectively. Adding CT to SPECT resulted in a greater increase in sensitivity and specificity for hip prosthesis infections than for knee prosthesis infections. SPECT/CT mainly contributed by precisely localizing the anatomical site of the active inflammatory lesion and by delineating the extent of the lesion after diagnosis with SPECT. CONCLUSIONS: Single-photon emission computed tomography/CT combined with Tc-HMPAO-labeled leukocyte imaging was useful for diagnosing prosthesis infections, particularly in hip prosthesis infections, as it improved diagnostic accuracy and provided anatomical localization data.
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Authors | Hye Ok Kim, Sae Jung Na, Seung Jun Oh, Bong Sung Jung, Soo-Ho Lee, Jae Suk Chang, Seong-Il Bin, Jin-Sook Ryu |
Journal | Journal of computer assisted tomography
(J Comput Assist Tomogr)
2014 Mar-Apr
Vol. 38
Issue 2
Pg. 313-9
ISSN: 1532-3145 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 24625603
(Publication Type: Journal Article)
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Chemical References |
- Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime
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Topics |
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Female
- Hip Prosthesis
- Humans
- Knee Prosthesis
- Leukocytes
(diagnostic imaging)
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Multimodal Imaging
- Predictive Value of Tests
- Prosthesis-Related Infections
(diagnostic imaging)
- Retrospective Studies
- Sensitivity and Specificity
- Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime
- Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
- Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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