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Safety, bioavailability and mechanism of action of nitric oxide to control Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex in calves entering a feedlot.

Abstract
Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex (BRDc), a multi-factorial disease, negatively impacts the cattle industry. Nitric oxide (NO), a naturally occurring molecule, may have utility controlling incidence of BRDc. Safety, bioavailability, toxicology and tolerance/stress of administering NO to cattle is evaluated herein. Thirteen, crossbred, multiple-sourced, commingled commercial weaned beef calves were treated multiple times intranasally over a 4 week period with either a nitric oxide releasing solution (treatment) or saline (control). Exhaled NO, methemoglobin percent (MetHg) and serum nitrites demonstrated biological availability as a result of treatment. Cortisol levels, tissue nitrites, behavior and gross and macroscopic pathology of organs were all normal. Moreover, preliminary in vitro studies using Mannheimia haemolytica, Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis, Bovine Parainfluenza-3 and Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus, suggest a potential explanation for the previously demonstrated efficacy for BRDc. These data confirm the bioavailability, safety and lack of residual of NO treatment to cattle, along with the bactericidal and virucidal effects.
AuthorsG Regev-Shoshani, S Vimalanathan, D Prema, J S Church, M W Reudink, N Nation, C C Miller
JournalResearch in veterinary science (Res Vet Sci) Vol. 96 Issue 2 Pg. 328-37 (Apr 2014) ISSN: 1532-2661 [Electronic] England
PMID24434056 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
CopyrightCopyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Chemical References
  • Nitrites
  • Nitric Oxide
  • Methemoglobin
  • Hydrocortisone
Topics
  • Administration, Intranasal
  • Animals
  • Behavior, Animal (drug effects)
  • Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex (drug therapy, microbiology, virology)
  • Cattle
  • Histocytochemistry (veterinary)
  • Hydrocortisone (blood)
  • Lung (microbiology, virology)
  • Methemoglobin (analysis)
  • Nitric Oxide (administration & dosage, pharmacology, therapeutic use)
  • Nitrites (blood)
  • Video Recording

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