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Risk of prostate cancer in Lynch syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Abstract
It has been controversial that men carrying a DNA mismatch repair (MMR) gene mutation (Lynch syndrome) are at heightened risk of prostate cancer given that an increased risk is likely to be modest and the prevalence of prostate cancer is high. We used PubMed to search for "molecular studies" that reported MMR-deficiency status of prostate cancer tumors in men with an MMR gene mutation, and "risk studies" that reported prostate cancer risk for men known or suspected to have an MMR gene mutation relative to that for noncarriers or the general population. Of the six molecular studies, 32 of 44 [73%, 95% confidence intervals (CI), 57%-85%] prostate cancer tumors in carriers were MMR deficient, which equates to carriers having a 3.67-fold increased risk of prostate cancer (95% CI, 2.32-6.67). Of the 12 risk studies, we estimated a 2.13-fold increased risk of prostate cancer (95% CI, 1.45-2.80) for male carriers in clinic-based retrospective cohorts, 2.11 (95% CI, 1.27-2.95) for male carriers with a prior diagnosis of colorectal cancer, and 2.28 (95% CI, 1.37-3.19) for all men from mutation-carrying families. The combination of evidence from molecular and risk studies in the current literature supports consideration of prostate cancer as part of Lynch syndrome.
AuthorsShae Ryan, Mark A Jenkins, Aung Ko Win
JournalCancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev) Vol. 23 Issue 3 Pg. 437-49 (Mar 2014) ISSN: 1538-7755 [Electronic] United States
PMID24425144 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Meta-Analysis, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Review, Systematic Review)
Copyright©2014 AACR.
Topics
  • Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis (complications, genetics)
  • DNA Mismatch Repair
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Prostatic Neoplasms (etiology, genetics)

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