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Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and open decortication for pleural empyema.

Abstract
Video-assisted thoracoscopic treatment is an elegant method for the treatment of ATS stage II fibrinopurulent empyema. It has been shown to be superior to repeat instillation of fibrinolytic agents into the chest cavity. However, a more chronic empyema (organizing empyema, ATS stage III empyema) requires open decortication in order to prevent ongoing infection and late restriction. Conversion thoracotomy should be liberally used if a chronic stage III empyema is found at VATS exploration since open decortication is still the best treatment modality for chronic empyema.
AuthorsHans-Beat Ris, Thorsten Krueger
JournalMultimedia manual of cardiothoracic surgery : MMCTS (Multimed Man Cardiothorac Surg) Vol. 2006 Issue 109 Pg. mmcts.2004.000273 (Jan 01 2006) ISSN: 1813-9175 [Print] England
PMID24415395 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

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