Anaplastic large cell lymphoma mimicking fibrosing mediastinitis.

Abstract	Fibrosing mediastinitis is rare. One type of this disease is idiopathic fibrosing mediastinitis. It is necessary to rule out malignancy in order to accurately diagnose fibrosing mediastinitis. We herein report a case of anaplastic large cell lymphoma diagnosed three months after a preliminary diagnosis of fibrosing mediastinitis. Glucocorticoid therapy was not successful in controlling disease progression. Immediately after initiating chemotherapy for lymphoma, the patient's symptoms improved dramatically and the mediastinal lesion decreased in size. Although few similar cases have been reported, hidden malignancy may present as fibrosing mediastinitis. Therefore, physicians should consider the probability of malignancy in patients with fibrosing mediastinitis because treatments may vary accordingly.
Authors	Masato Taki, Shinya Inada, Ryo Ariyasu, Yoshinobu Konishi, Natsumi Okamoto, Masanori Yoshida, Hiroaki Nagano, Kenji Hanaoka, Kazuhiko Nakagawa, Yasukiyo Nakamura, Chie Yoshimura, Toshiaki Wakayama, Yasuo Nishizaka, Tomoko Wakasa, Mitsuru Tsudo, Ryoichi Amitani
Journal	Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) (Intern Med) Vol. 52 Issue 23 Pg. 2645-51 ( 2013) ISSN: 1349-7235 [Electronic] Japan
PMID	24292756 (Publication Type: Case Reports, Journal Article)
Chemical References	Glucocorticoids Radiopharmaceuticals Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 Bleomycin Vincristine Vinblastine Dacarbazine Doxorubicin Cyclophosphamide Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases Prednisone
Topics	Adult Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols (administration & dosage) Bleomycin (administration & dosage) Cyclophosphamide (administration & dosage) Dacarbazine (administration & dosage) Diagnostic Errors Doxorubicin (administration & dosage) Female Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 Glucocorticoids (therapeutic use) Humans Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic (diagnosis, drug therapy) Mediastinitis (diagnosis, drug therapy) Positron-Emission Tomography Prednisone (administration & dosage) Radiopharmaceuticals Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases (metabolism) Sclerosis (diagnosis, drug therapy) Tomography, X-Ray Computed Vinblastine (administration & dosage) Vincristine (administration & dosage)

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