Absence of detectable HIV-1 viremia after treatment cessation in an infant.

Abstract

An infant born to a woman with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection began receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) 30 hours after birth owing to high-risk exposure. ART was continued when detection of HIV-1 DNA and RNA on repeat testing met the standard diagnostic criteria for infection. After therapy was discontinued (when the child was 18 months of age), levels of plasma HIV-1 RNA, proviral DNA in peripheral-blood mononuclear cells, and HIV-1 antibodies, as assessed by means of clinical assays, remained undetectable in the child through 30 months of age. This case suggests that very early ART in infants may alter the establishment and long-term persistence of HIV-1 infection.

• Authors: Deborah Persaud, Hannah Gay, Carrie Ziemniak, Ya Hui Chen, Michael Piatak Jr, Tae-Wook Chun, Matthew Strain, Douglas Richman, Katherine Luzuriaga
• Journal: The New England journal of medicine (N Engl J Med) Vol. 369 Issue 19 Pg. 1828-35 (Nov 07 2013) ISSN: 1533-4406 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 24152233 (Publication Type: Case Reports, Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.)

Chemical References

• Anti-Retroviral Agents
• HIV Antibodies
• RNA, Viral

Topics

• Anti-Retroviral Agents (therapeutic use)
• Child, Preschool
• HIV Antibodies (blood)
• HIV Infections (drug therapy, virology)
• HIV-1 (drug effects, genetics, isolation & purification)
• Humans
• Male
• RNA, Viral (blood)
• Viral Load
• Viremia (diagnosis)
• Withholding Treatment