The β-
lactam antibiotic ceftriaxone was suggested as a therapeutic agent in several
neurodegenerative disorders, either for its ability to counteract
glutamate-mediated toxicity, as in
cerebral ischemia, or for its ability to enhance the degradation of misfolded
proteins, as in
Alexander's disease. Recently, the efficacy of
ceftriaxone in neuroprotection of dopaminergic neurons in a rat model of
Parkinson's disease was documented. However, which characteristics of
ceftriaxone mediate its
therapeutic effects remains unclear. Since, at the molecular level, neuronal α-
synuclein inclusions and pathological α-
synuclein transmission play a leading role in initiation of Parkinson-like neurodegeneration, we thought of investigating, by circular dichroism spectroscopy, the capability of
ceftriaxone to interact with α-
synuclein. We found that
ceftriaxone binds with good affinity to α-
synuclein and blocks its in vitro polymerization. Considering this finding, we also documented that
ceftriaxone exerts neuroprotective action in an in vitro model of
Parkinson's disease. Our data, in addition to the findings on neuroprotective activity of
ceftriaxone on Parkinson-like neurodegeneration in vivo, indicates
ceftriaxone as a potential agent in treatment of
Parkinson's disease.