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Identification of new omeprazole metabolites in wastewaters and surface waters.

Abstract
Omeprazole is one of the world-wide most consumed pharmaceuticals for treatment of gastric diseases. As opposed to other frequently used pharmaceuticals, omeprazole is scarcely detected in urban wastewaters and environmental waters. This was corroborated in a previous research, where parent omeprazole was not detected while four transformation products (TPs), mainly resulting from hydrolysis, were found in effluent wastewaters and surface waters. However, the low abundance of omeprazole TPs in the water samples together with the fact that omeprazole suffers an extensive metabolism, with a wide range of excretion rates (between 0.01 and 30%), suggests that human urinary metabolites should be investigated in the water environment. In this work, the results obtained in excretion tests after administration of a 40 mg omeprazole dose in three healthy volunteers are reported. Analysis by liquid chromatography coupled to hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF MS) reported low concentrations of omeprazole in urine. Up to twenty-four omeprazole metabolites (OMs) were detected and tentatively elucidated. The most relevant OM was an omeprazole isomer, which obviously presented the same exact mass (m/z 346.1225), but also shared a major common fragment at m/z 198.0589. Subsequent analyses of surface water and effluent wastewater samples by both LC-QTOF MS and LC-MS/MS with triple quadrupole revealed that this metabolite (named as OM10) was the compound most frequently detected in water samples, followed by OM14a and OM14b. Up to our knowledge, OM10 had not been used before as urinary biomarker of omeprazole in waters. On the contrary, parent omeprazole was never detected in any of the water samples. After this research, it seems clear that monitoring the presence of omeprazole in the aquatic environment should be focused on the OMs suggested in this article instead of the parent compound.
AuthorsC Boix, M Ibáñez, T Zamora, J V Sancho, W M A Niessen, F Hernández
JournalThe Science of the total environment (Sci Total Environ) Vol. 468-469 Pg. 706-14 (Jan 15 2014) ISSN: 1879-1026 [Electronic] Netherlands
PMID24061062 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Copyright© 2013.
Chemical References
  • Anti-Ulcer Agents
  • Waste Water
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical
  • Omeprazole
Topics
  • Anti-Ulcer Agents (analysis, chemistry, metabolism, urine)
  • Chromatography, Liquid
  • Environmental Monitoring (methods)
  • Europe
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Molecular Structure
  • Omeprazole
  • Tandem Mass Spectrometry
  • Wastewater (chemistry)
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical (analysis, chemistry, metabolism, urine)

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