The role of intravenous immunoglobulin in toxic epidermal necrolysis: a retrospective analysis of 64 patients managed in a specialized centre.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a severe cutaneous adverse drug reaction with a mortality of 40%. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) is widely used as a specific treatment for this reaction, although evidence of its benefit is conflicting.

OBJECTIVES:

We sought to evaluate whether the use of IVIg improved mortality in patients with Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS)/TEN overlap and TEN.

METHODS:

We retrospectively analysed data for 64 patients with SJS/TEN overlap and TEN who were treated with IVIg at a single referral centre. The primary outcome analysed was in-hospital mortality. Predicted mortality was calculated based on severity-of-illness score for TEN (SCORTEN) values. Secondary analyses of survival based on IVIg dosages and prior corticosteroid exposure were also performed.

RESULTS:

There were 28 cases of SJS/TEN overlap and 36 cases of TEN, with a mean SCORTEN value of 2·6. The mean dose of IVIg given was 2·4 g kg(-1) and the mean delay from the onset of epidermal detachment to administration of IVIg was 3·2 days. There were 20 deaths (31%) in our cohort. The standardized mortality rate was 1·10 (95% confidence interval 0·62-1·58). Subgroup analysis comparing survivors and nonsurvivors showed a higher SCORTEN in nonsurvivors (3·4 vs. 2·2). There were no differences with regard to the dosage, delay and duration of IVIg administration. When stratified according to dosage, there was no mortality difference between patients who receive high-dose (≥ 3 g kg(-1) ) vs. low-dose (< 3 g kg(-1) ) IVIg.

CONCLUSIONS:

This study shows that the use of IVIg does not yield survival benefits in SJS/TEN overlap and TEN, even when corrected for IVIg dosages.

• Authors: H Y Lee, Y L Lim, T Thirumoorthy, S M Pang
• Journal: The British journal of dermatology (Br J Dermatol) Vol. 169 Issue 6 Pg. 1304-9 (Dec 2013) ISSN: 1365-2133 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 24007192 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: © 2013 British Association of Dermatologists.

Chemical References

• Adrenal Cortex Hormones
• Immunoglobulins, Intravenous
• Immunologic Factors

Topics

• Adrenal Cortex Hormones (therapeutic use)
• Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
• Female
• Humans
• Immunoglobulins, Intravenous (therapeutic use)
• Immunologic Factors (therapeutic use)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Retrospective Studies
• Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (drug therapy, ethnology, mortality)