Experience with monocomponent acellular pertussis combination vaccines for infants, children, adolescents and adults--a review of safety, immunogenicity, efficacy and effectiveness studies and 15 years of field experience.

Abstract

Combination vaccines containing a monocomponent acellular pertussis (aP) vaccine, manufactured at Statens Serum Institut (SSI), Denmark, have successfully controlled Bordetella pertussis infections in Denmark since 1997. The efficacy of this aP vaccine was 71% in a double-blind, randomised and controlled clinical trial. Its safety and immunogenicity have been demonstrated in infants, children, adolescents and adults. In approximately 500,000 children it was effective against pertussis requiring hospitalisation (VE: 93% after 3 doses) and against pertussis not requiring hospitalisation (VE: 78% after 3 doses). IgG antibodies against pertussis toxin (IgG anti-PT) response rates after booster vaccination of adults with tetanus, diphtheria and aP combination vaccine (TdaP) were considerably higher for this monocomponent aP vaccine containing 20μg pertussis toxoid, inactivated by hydrogen peroxide (92.0%), than for two multicomponent aP vaccines inactivated by formaldehyde and/or glutaraldehyde: 3-component aP with 8μg pertussis toxoid (77.2%) and 5-component aP with 2.5μg pertussis toxoid (47.1%), without compromising the safety profile. In Denmark where this monocomponent aP vaccine has been the only pertussis vaccine in use for 15 years, there has been no pertussis epidemic since 2002 (population incidence 36 per 100,000), in contrast to neighbouring countries, where epidemics have occurred. This monocomponent aP vaccine can be used in combination vaccines for primary and booster vaccination against pertussis in all age groups and is an important tool for successful pertussis control.

• Authors: Birgit Thierry-Carstensen, Tine Dalby, Michael A Stevner, John B Robbins, Rachel Schneerson, Birger Trollfors
• Journal: Vaccine (Vaccine) Vol. 31 Issue 45 Pg. 5178-91 (Oct 25 2013) ISSN: 1873-2518 [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 23994021 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Pertussis Vaccine
• Vaccines, Acellular
• Vaccines, Combined

Topics

• Adolescent
• Adult
• Child
• Child, Preschool
• Denmark
• Humans
• Infant
• Pertussis Vaccine (administration & dosage, adverse effects, immunology)
• Vaccination (methods)
• Vaccines, Acellular (administration & dosage, adverse effects, immunology)
• Vaccines, Combined (administration & dosage, adverse effects, immunology)
• Whooping Cough (prevention & control)