Diosgenin improves vascular function by increasing aortic eNOS expression, normalize dyslipidemia and ACE activity in chronic renal failure rats.

Abstract

In recent years, the role of endothelial dysfunction (ED) and excessive oxidative stress in the development of cardiovascular diseases has been highlighted. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of diosgenin, an antioxidant on chronic renal failure (CRF) induced vascular dysfunction. CRF was induced by feeding the rats with a diet containing 0.75 % adenine and diosgenin was given orally (everyday at the dose of 40 mg/kg). Isometric force measurement was performed on isolated aortic rings in organ baths. Levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), nitric oxide metabolites, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase mRNA in rat aorta were examined. Further, plasma lipid profile, activity of enzymes of lipid metabolism, and aortic angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) also studied. The overall results have proved that diosgenin attenuates CRF-induced impairment in acetylcholine induced endothelium-dependent and sodium nitroprusside induced endothelium-independent vascular relaxation. Moreover, it elevates the GSH and restores the eNOS mRNA expression level. CRF-induced dyslipidemia and ACE activity was also inhibited by diosgenin treatment. This study indicates that diosgenin have enough potential to protect vasculature against oxidative stress, dyslipidemia which in turn improves the vascular function in CRF milieu.

• Authors: Jeganathan Manivannan, Elumalai Balamurugan, Thangarasu Silambarasan, Boobalan Raja
• Journal: Molecular and cellular biochemistry (Mol Cell Biochem) Vol. 384 Issue 1-2 Pg. 113-20 (Dec 2013) ISSN: 1573-4919 [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 23975507 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Antioxidants
• Lipids
• Nitrates
• Nitrites
• RNA, Messenger
• Nitroprusside
• Nitric Oxide
• Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III
• Nos3 protein, rat
• Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
• Glutathione
• Diosgenin

Topics

• Animals
• Antioxidants (therapeutic use)
• Aorta (enzymology, metabolism)
• Diosgenin (therapeutic use)
• Dyslipidemias (drug therapy)
• Endothelium, Vascular (drug effects, metabolism)
• Glutathione (metabolism)
• Kidney (pathology)
• Kidney Failure, Chronic (drug therapy)
• Lipid Metabolism
• Lipids (blood)
• Male
• Nitrates (blood)
• Nitric Oxide (metabolism)
• Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III (biosynthesis, genetics)
• Nitrites (blood)
• Nitroprusside
• Oxidative Stress (drug effects)
• Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A (metabolism)
• RNA, Messenger (biosynthesis)
• Rats
• Rats, Wistar
• Vascular Resistance (drug effects)
• Vasodilation (drug effects)