A green approach toward quinoxalines and bis-quinoxalines and their biological evaluation against A431, human skin cancer cell lines.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

The objective of this study was to develop a practical green procedure to synthesize quinoxalines and bis-quinoxalines and evaluate their inhibitory effects on the viability of A431 human epidermoid carcinoma cells.

METHOD:

A series of quinoxaline and bis-quinoxaline derivatives have been designed and synthesized following a microwave-assisted and bismuth nitrate-catalyzed eco-friendly route. A detailed comparison has been made between microwave-induced protocol with the reactions occurred at room temperature. The structure of the compounds have been elucidated by various spectroscopic methods and finally confirmed by x-ray crystallographic analyses.

RESULTS:

Two quinoxaline derivatives, compounds 6 and 12 have demonstrated inhibitory effects on the viability of A431 human epidermoid carcinoma cells when compared with HaCaT nontumorigenic human keratinocyte cells.

CONCLUSION:

Notably, compound 6 inhibits Stat3 phosphorylation/activation in A431 skin cancer cells.

• Authors: Debasish Bandyopadhyay, Jessica Cruz, Liza D Morales, Hadi D Arman, Erica Cuate, Young S Lee, Bimal K Banik, Dae J Kim
• Journal: Future medicinal chemistry (Future Med Chem) Vol. 5 Issue 12 Pg. 1377-90 (Aug 2013) ISSN: 1756-8927 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 23919549 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural)

Chemical References

• Nitrates
• Quinoxalines
• STAT3 Transcription Factor
• bismuth nitrate
• Bismuth

Topics

• Bismuth (chemistry)
• Catalysis
• Cell Line
• Cell Survival (drug effects)
• Crystallography, X-Ray
• Green Chemistry Technology
• Humans
• Microwaves
• Molecular Conformation
• Nitrates (chemistry)
• Phosphorylation
• Quinoxalines (chemical synthesis, chemistry, pharmacology)
• STAT3 Transcription Factor (antagonists & inhibitors, metabolism)
• Skin Neoplasms (metabolism, pathology)