n3 PUFAs do not affect adipose tissue inflammation in overweight to moderately obese men and women.

Abstract

Recent studies have indicated that omega-3 (n3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) decrease adipose tissue inflammation in rodents and in morbidly obese humans. We investigated whether a diet rich in n3 PUFAs from both marine and plant sources reduces adipose tissue and systemic inflammation in overweight to moderately obese adults. We conducted a randomized, single-blind, parallel-design, placebo-controlled feeding trial. Healthy men and women with a body mass index between 28 and 33 kg/m(2) consumed a diet rich in n3 PUFAs (3.5% of energy intake; n = 11) from plant and marine sources or a control diet (0.5% of energy intake from n3 PUFAs; n = 13). These diets were consumed for 14 wk (ad libitum for 12 wk). All foods were provided for the entire study period. Subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue and fasting plasma were collected after the first 2 wk with the control diet and again at the end of the 14-wk dietary period. The primary outcome of this ex post analysis was the adipose tissue gene expression of 13 key mediators of inflammation. Adipose tissue gene expression of inflammatory mediators did not differ between the 2 groups, after adjustment for weight change. Furthermore, none of the 5 plasma markers of systemic inflammation differed significantly as an effect of diet treatment. We conclude that a relatively high dose of n3 PUFAs from plant and marine sources did not significantly lower adipose tissue or systemic inflammation in overweight to moderately obese healthy men and women over 14 wk.

• Authors: Mario Kratz, Jessica N Kuzma, Derek K Hagman, Brian van Yserloo, Colleen C Matthys, Holly S Callahan, David S Weigle
• Journal: The Journal of nutrition (J Nutr) Vol. 143 Issue 8 Pg. 1340-7 (Aug 2013) ISSN: 1541-6100 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 23761646 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Blood Glucose
• Fatty Acids, Omega-3
• Insulin
• Triglycerides

Topics

• Adipose Tissue (drug effects, metabolism)
• Adult
• Blood Glucose (analysis)
• Body Composition
• Body Mass Index
• Body Weight
• Diet
• Energy Intake
• Fatty Acids, Omega-3 (administration & dosage)
• Female
• Humans
• Inflammation (drug therapy)
• Insulin (blood)
• Linear Models
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Obesity (physiopathology)
• Overweight (physiopathology)
• Single-Blind Method
• Triglycerides (blood)
• Young Adult