Erythropoietin: a neuroprotective agent in cerebral hypoxia, neurodegeneration, and epilepsy.
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| Abstract |
Neuronal damage secondary to brain injuries such as cerebral hypoxia, seizures as well as neurodegenerative process, may include pro-inflammatory changes. The activation of a common mechanism related to survival or cell death, mediated by the stabilization and trans-activation of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 (HIF-1), has been observed in these conditions. HIF-1 may induce over expression of P-glycoprotein, the product multidrug-resistance gene (MDR-1), both on blood-brain barrier as well as on the cerebral damaged cells, producing the refractoriness to therapeutic strategies for neuroprotection. However, in these same cells, HIF-1 can also induce the expression of erythropoietin receptor (Epo-R). Irrespective of its known properties on hematopoiesis, it was proposed that erythropoietin can trigger neuroprotective mechanisms mediated by Epo-R activation. Brain hypoxia, epilepsy, neurodegeneration and inflammation, can share the induction of Epo-R and several other growth factor receptors as well as signal transductions pathways after HIF-1 transactivation. Perhaps, the use of the intranasal route for the exogenous administration of Epo, (or other biological compounds) could help neuroprotection as well as to repair the brain areas damaged.
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| Authors | Amalia Merelli, Liliana Czornyj, Alberto Lazarowski |
| Journal | Current pharmaceutical design (Curr Pharm Des) Vol. 19 Issue 38 Pg. 6791-801 ( 2013) ISSN: 1873-4286 [Electronic] United Arab Emirates |
| PMID | 23530506 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review) |
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