Effect of periodontal therapy on the course of cyclosporin-induced gingival overgrowth: role of ABCB1 and PAI-1 gene polymorphisms.

Abstract

OBJECTIVES:

Etiological periodontal therapy is effective in reducing cyclosporin A-induced gingival overgrowth, but a high variability among subjects has been observed. This study aimed to evaluate the role of polymorphisms in PAI-1 and A BCB1 genes on the course of this side effect following periodontal therapy.

METHOD AND MATERIALS:

Forty-five transplant patients were subjected to nonsurgical periodontal therapy and evaluated for hypertrophy index, probing depths, bleeding, and plaque scores at baseline, and after 3 and 6 months. A BCB1 (C3435T and G2677T) and PAI-1 (4G/5G) polymorphisms were studied with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and allele-specific polymerase chain reaction respectively.

RESULTS:

All the monitored periodontal indexes decreased significantly during the six months. Modeling of hypertrophy index by linearmixed- effect models (allowing non-normal distribution of the outcome variable hypertrophy index) resulted in the selection as the most significant model, of the one comprising the independent variables: time, C 3435T genotype, and their interaction term. This model indicated that C 3435T-mutated patients had significantly higher baseline hypertrophy index values (90% Markov chain Monte C arlo empirical confidence intervals: 5.08, 30.00). The decrease in hypertrophy index values over time showed a trend toward being faster in mutated than nonmutated patients (interaction time: C 3435T nonmutated, 90% Markov chain Monte C arlo empirical confidence interval: -11.08, -0.40). When hypertrophy index values were normalized, the significance and trend were lost. No effect of the A BCB1 G2677T and PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphisms was observed.

CONCLUSION:

These preliminary results suggest that C 3435T polymorphism is a genetic factor that could influence the course of cyclosporin A-induced gingival overgrowth in transplant patients subjected to periodontal therapy.

• Authors: Sara De Iudicibus, Gabriele Stocco, Gaetano Castronovo, Camillo Pico, Roberto Racano, Massimo Borelli, Lorenzo Bevilacqua, Roberto Di Lenarda, Fiora Bartoli, Giuliana Decorti
• Journal: Quintessence international (Berlin, Germany : 1985) (Quintessence Int) Vol. 44 Issue 3 Pg. 249-60 (Mar 2013) ISSN: 1936-7163 [Electronic] Germany
• PMID: 23444206 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• ABCB1 protein, human
• ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B
• ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1
• Immunosuppressive Agents
• Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1
• Cyclosporine

Topics

• ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B
• ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 (genetics)
• Adult
• Aged
• Allografts
• Cyclosporine (adverse effects)
• Female
• Gingival Overgrowth (chemically induced, genetics, therapy)
• Humans
• Immunosuppressive Agents (adverse effects)
• Linear Models
• Male
• Markov Chains
• Middle Aged
• Mutation
• Organ Transplantation
• Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 (genetics)
• Polymerase Chain Reaction (methods)
• Polymorphism, Genetic