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Lung surfactant protein D (SP-D) response and regulation during acute and chronic lung injury.

AbstractBACKGROUND:
Surfactant protein D (SP-D) is a collection that plays important roles in modulating host defense functions and maintaining phospholipid homeostasis in the lung. The aim of current study was to characterize comparatively the SP-D response in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and serum in three murine models of lung injury, using a validated ELISA technology for estimation of SP-D levels.
METHODS:
Mice were exposed to lipopolysaccharide, bleomycin, or Pneumocystis carinii (Pc) and sacrificed at different time points.
RESULTS:
In lipopolysaccharide-challenged mice, the level of SP-D in BAL increased within 6 h, peaked at 51 h (4,518 ng/ml), and returned to base level at 99 h (612 ng/ml). Serum levels of SP-D increased immediately (8.6 ng/ml), peaked at 51 h (16 ng/ml), and returned to base levels at 99 h (3.8 ng/ml). In a subacute bleomycin inflammation model, SP-D levels were 4,625 and 367 ng/ml in BAL and serum, respectively, 8 days after exposure. In a chronic Pc inflammation model, the highest level of SP-D was observed 6 weeks after inoculation, with BAL and serum levels of 1,868 and 335 ng/ml, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS:
We conclude that serum levels of SP-D increase during lung injury, with a sustained increment during chronic inflammation compared with acute inflammation. A quick upregulation of SP-D in serum in response to acute airway inflammation supports the notion that SP-D translocates from the airways into the vascular system, in favor of being synthesized systemically. The study also confirms the concept of using increased SP-D serum levels as a biomarker of especially chronic airway inflammation.
AuthorsMaria Quisgaard Gaunsbaek, Karina Juhl Rasmussen, Michael F Beers, Elena N Atochina-Vasserman, Soren Hansen
JournalLung (Lung) Vol. 191 Issue 3 Pg. 295-303 (Jun 2013) ISSN: 1432-1750 [Electronic] United States
PMID23435873 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References
  • Lipopolysaccharides
  • Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein D
  • Bleomycin
Topics
  • Acute Lung Injury (blood, chemically induced, metabolism, microbiology)
  • Animals
  • Bleomycin
  • Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid (chemistry)
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
  • Female
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Lipopolysaccharides
  • Lung (metabolism, microbiology)
  • Lung Injury (blood, chemically induced, metabolism, microbiology)
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice, Nude
  • Pneumocystis carinii
  • Pneumonia, Pneumocystis (blood, metabolism, microbiology)
  • Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein D (blood, metabolism)
  • Time Factors

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