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Eosinophils and mast cells: a comparison of nasal mucosa histology and cytology to markers in nasal discharge in patients with chronic sino-nasal diseases.

Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR), nasal polyps (NP) as well as chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) are all known to be associated with eosinophilic infiltration and elevated numbers of mast cells (MC) within the mucosa. Both cell types and their markers eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP) and tryptase are utilized in the diagnosis and management of chronic sino-nasal diseases. Mucosal cytology samples were gathered by cytobrush, histological samples were obtained from the inferior turbinate. In both sample sets, the number of eosinophils and MC was determined. Their corresponding markers ECP and tryptase were quantified from nasal discharge. Patients were grouped with reference to their main diagnosis: AR (n = 34), NP (n = 25), CRS (n = 27) and controls (n = 34). Eosinophil counts from cytobrush and ECP levels were significantly elevated in NP compared to all other groups-31- and 13-fold over control, respectively. However, histologic review did not reveal any difference in eosinophil count among groups. Tryptase was significantly elevated threefold in AR versus CRS and controls. No correlation to cytological and histological MC counts could be found. ECP levels in nasal discharge as well as eosinophil counts can provide useful information with regard to the diagnosis. Likewise, tryptase concentrations can do. The presented data show that the measurement of markers in nasal discharge is superior in differentiating among diagnosis groups. Given that the collection of nasal secretions is more comfortable for patients than the more invasive techniques, we recommend first line ECP and tryptase testing performed on nasal secretions.
AuthorsMoritz Gröger, Andreas Bernt, Maria Wolf, Brigitte Mack, Elisabeth Pfrogner, Sven Becker, Matthias F Kramer
JournalEuropean archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery (Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol) Vol. 270 Issue 10 Pg. 2667-76 (Sep 2013) ISSN: 1434-4726 [Electronic] Germany
PMID23430080 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
Chemical References
  • Biomarkers
  • Eosinophil Cationic Protein
  • Tryptases
Topics
  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Biomarkers
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Chronic Disease
  • Eosinophil Cationic Protein (metabolism)
  • Eosinophils (cytology, metabolism)
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mast Cells (cytology, metabolism)
  • Middle Aged
  • Mucus (cytology, metabolism)
  • Nasal Mucosa (cytology, metabolism, pathology)
  • Nasal Polyps (metabolism, pathology)
  • Rhinitis (metabolism, pathology)
  • Rhinitis, Allergic
  • Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial (metabolism, pathology)
  • Sinusitis (metabolism, pathology)
  • Tryptases (metabolism)
  • Turbinates (cytology, metabolism, pathology)
  • Young Adult

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