Abstract | BACKGROUND: Oral supplementation with probiotic bacteria can protect against the development of allergic and inflammatory diseases. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate potential immunomodulatory and allergy-protective effects of processed Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG)-derived supernatants early in life in neonatal mice. METHODS: In vitro, RAW264.7 mouse macrophages were stimulated with viable LGG, LGG-derived supernatants, prepared from different growth phases, and different size fractions thereof, and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine production was analysed. Supernatant fractions were also treated with protease, DNAse or carbohydrate-digesting enzymes to define the nature of immunomodulatory components. In vivo, neonatal Balb/c mice were orally supplemented with differentially processed LGG supernatants. Starting at 4 weeks of age, a protocol of ovalbumin-induced acute allergic airway inflammation was applied and protective effects of processed LGG supernatants were assessed. RESULTS: Incubation of RAW264.7 cells with LGG-derived supernatants significantly increased TNFα and IL-10 production. These effects were not restricted to a particular molecular size fraction. Treatment with protease, but not with DNAse or carbohydrate-digesting enzymes, completely abolished the immunomodulatory activities. Incubation of TLR/NOD-transfected cells with LGG-derived supernatants revealed that recognition and signalling of bioactive components is mediated by TLR2 and NOD2. In vivo supplementation of newborn mice with processed LGG-derived supernatants resulted in pronounced protective effects on the allergic inflammatory response as reflected by reduced eosinophil numbers, modified T helper cell cytokine production, significantly less lung inflammation and reduced goblet cell numbers in comparison with sham-treated controls. CONCLUSION: LGG-derived supernatants exert immunomodulatory activities, and neonatal administration of specifically processed supernatants may provide an alternative to viable probiotics in reducing allergic inflammatory responses.
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Authors | H Harb, E A F van Tol, H Heine, M Braaksma, G Gross, K Overkamp, M Hennen, M Alrifai, M L Conrad, H Renz, H Garn |
Journal | Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology
(Clin Exp Allergy)
Vol. 43
Issue 3
Pg. 353-64
(Mar 2013)
ISSN: 1365-2222 [Electronic] England |
PMID | 23414544
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Copyright | © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. |
Chemical References |
- Culture Media, Conditioned
- Immunologic Factors
- Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein
- Toll-Like Receptor 2
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Topics |
- Animals
- Cell Line
- Culture Media, Conditioned
(pharmacology)
- Female
- Humans
- Hypersensitivity
(immunology, metabolism, therapy)
- Immunologic Factors
(pharmacology)
- Inflammation
(immunology, metabolism, therapy)
- Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus
(chemistry, growth & development, immunology)
- Mice
- Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein
(metabolism)
- Probiotics
- Toll-Like Receptor 2
(metabolism)
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