Human rotavirus virus-like particle vaccines evaluated in a neonatal gnotobiotic pig model of human rotavirus disease.

Abstract

The authors discuss here rotavirus-like particle vaccines as an alternative approach to oral live-attenuated rotavirus vaccine and their efficacy in a gnotobiotic pig model. Rotavirus virus-like particles (VLPs) were evaluated in different doses, and routes of administration, and combined with live-attenuated virus and adjuvants. A VLP vaccine composed of rotavirus VP2 and VP6 was immunogenic in gnotobiotic pigs when inoculated intranasally; however, this vaccine failed to confer protection. A combination of oral attenuated human rotavirus and intranasal 2/6VLP vaccines conferred immunogenicity, partial protection against a human rotavirus challenge and induced IFN-γ-producing T cells in the ileum of pigs with similar frequencies to human rotavirus infection. Vaccination through a combination of mucosal inductive sites and live-attenuated vaccine combined with VLP vaccines was the most effective regimen, compared with the use of a single route or a single vaccine alone. However, if formulated with neutralizing antigens, VLP vaccines may constitute a better approach in a high maternal antibody scenario.

• Authors: Marli P Azevedo, Anastasia N Vlasova, Linda J Saif
• Journal: Expert review of vaccines (Expert Rev Vaccines) Vol. 12 Issue 2 Pg. 169-81 (Feb 2013) ISSN: 1744-8395 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 23414408 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Review)

Chemical References

• Antigens, Viral
• Capsid Proteins
• Rotavirus Vaccines
• VP2 protein, Rotavirus
• VP6 protein, Rotavirus
• Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle
• Interferon-gamma

Topics

• Administration, Intranasal
• Administration, Oral
• Animals
• Animals, Newborn
• Antigens, Viral (genetics, immunology)
• Capsid Proteins (genetics, immunology)
• Disease Models, Animal
• Germ-Free Life
• Interferon-gamma (metabolism)
• Rotavirus Infections (immunology, prevention & control)
• Rotavirus Vaccines (administration & dosage, genetics, immunology)
• Swine
• T-Lymphocytes (immunology)
• Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle (administration & dosage, genetics, immunology)