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Vitexin-2-O-xyloside, raphasatin and (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate synergistically affect cell growth and apoptosis of colon cancer cells.

Abstract
Cytotoxic effects of the combination of the food components vitexin-2-O-xyloside (X), raphasatin (4-methylsulphanyl-3-butenyl isothiocyanates; G) and (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (E) were investigated in colon (LoVo and CaCo-2) and breast (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7) cancer cells. Breast cancer cells were more resistant than colon cells to X, G and E inhibition. On the contrary, marked synergistic effects among X, G and E on cell growth were found in both colon cancer cells. Further analysis revealed a G0/G1 arrest of the phase cell progression and apoptosis, linked to modulation of Bax, Bcl2, caspase-9 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase as well as Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) generation in both colon cancer cells, whereas apoptosis and ROS were not significantly detected in normal human lymphocytes. We conclude that the X, G and E mixture might act by mitochondrial pathway activation of apoptosis, possibly elicited by ROS and the mixture may be effective in the chemoprevention of colon cancer.
AuthorsAlessio Papi, Fulvia Farabegoli, Renato Iori, Marina Orlandi, Gina R De Nicola, Manuela Bagatta, Donato Angelino, Lorenzo Gennari, Paolino Ninfali
JournalFood chemistry (Food Chem) Vol. 138 Issue 2-3 Pg. 1521-30 (Jun 01 2013) ISSN: 1873-7072 [Electronic] England
PMID23411276 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
CopyrightCopyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Chemical References
  • 4-(methylthio)-3-butenyl isothiocyanate
  • Isothiocyanates
  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • Apigenin
  • Catechin
  • vitexin
  • epigallocatechin gallate
  • Caspase 3
Topics
  • Apigenin (pharmacology)
  • Apoptosis (drug effects)
  • Caspase 3 (metabolism)
  • Catechin (analogs & derivatives, pharmacology)
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation (drug effects)
  • Colonic Neoplasms (drug therapy, physiopathology)
  • Drug Synergism
  • Humans
  • Isothiocyanates (pharmacology)
  • Mitochondria (drug effects, metabolism)
  • Reactive Oxygen Species (metabolism)

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