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Sulodexide may alleviate neointimal hyperplasia by inhibiting angiopoietin‑2 in an arteriovenous fistula model.

Abstract
The present study was undertaken to confirm whether sulodexide aleviates neointimal hyperplasia by regulating angiopoietin/Tie in a rat femoral arteriovenous fistula (AVF) model. Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups: sham, model, treatment and treatment control. An arteriovenous shunt model was created in the model and treatment groups. Sulodexide was subcutaneously administered (10 mg/kg/day) 6 times per week for 8 weeks in the treatment and treatment control groups. Histology and immunofluorescence were analyzed and the protein expression of angiopoietin‑1, angiopoietin‑2, Tie‑2, p‑ERK and total‑ERK were tested by ELISA and/or western blotting after 8 weeks. HE staining revealed that sulodexide was able to partially alleviate intimal hyperplasia of remodeled veins in the AVF model. Additionally, sulodexide was able to decrease angiopoietin‑2 and Tie‑2 expression while increasing angiopoietin‑1 expression in AVF tissue. Sulodexide was also able to decrease ERK phosphorylation which was increased in the model. Serum levels of soluble Tie-2 (sTie‑2) were also significantly decreased by sulodexide compared with the model. Immunofluorescent analysis also confirmed that sulodexide was able to decrease angiopoietin‑2 expression, possibly partially by inhibiting endothelial cell proliferation. Sulodexide may alleviate venous intimal hyperplasia by regulating the angiopoietin/Tie system, which may play a significant role in assisting remodeled veins to cope with their new biomechanical environment, but whether the angiopoietin/Tie system is beneficial or not requires further study.
AuthorsYan Lei, Zhihua Zheng, Ying Wang, Yuyun Liu, Rongjun Liu, Qingdong Xu, Xueqing Yu
JournalMolecular medicine reports (Mol Med Rep) Vol. 7 Issue 3 Pg. 831-5 (Mar 2013) ISSN: 1791-3004 [Electronic] Greece
PMID23358592 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References
  • Angiopoietin-1
  • Angiopoietin-2
  • Fibrinolytic Agents
  • Glycosaminoglycans
  • glucuronyl glucosamine glycan sulfate
  • Receptor, TIE-2
Topics
  • Angiopoietin-1 (blood)
  • Angiopoietin-2 (antagonists & inhibitors, blood, metabolism)
  • Animals
  • Arteriovenous Fistula (metabolism, pathology)
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Down-Regulation (drug effects)
  • Fibrinolytic Agents (pharmacology)
  • Glycosaminoglycans (pharmacology)
  • Hyperplasia
  • Male
  • Phosphorylation (drug effects)
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Receptor, TIE-2 (blood)
  • Tunica Intima (drug effects, pathology)
  • Up-Regulation (drug effects)

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