The
sickle-cell disease is a group of chronic hemolytic diseases which associates three types of
injuries: severe
anemia, severe
infections, and ischemic vaso-occlusive crisis that are secondary to conflicts between small vessels and red blood cells too deformable. Thus, organic various complications may arise. Its prevalence in Europe is estimated to be about 1/150 and reaches 15 % in the Mediterranean areas. Clinical manifestations vary widely from one person to another and from one moment to another. In addition to
anemia and
bacterial infections, vaso-occlusive crisis may manifest by focal
ischemia. In the long term, the VOC may compromise the function of a particular tissue or organ. The transmission is autosomal recessive. The
sickle-cell diseases are determined by combinations of two abnormal alleles of
beta globin gene including at least one which carries the mutation beta 6 glu-val (Hb S). We report the case of a girl aged 11 years, who presented two
strokes in the interval of 8 months, which manifested by a complete right
hemiplegia and
aphasia confirmed by head CT scan; the electrophoresis of the
hemoglobin and the molecular test had confirmed the diagnosis of
sickle-cell disease, and we were allowed to spread better reflection on the prevention of
stroke, which remains a frequent and serious complication of
sickle-cell disease.