Association of tattooing and hepatitis C virus infection: a multicenter case-control study.

Abstract

UNLABELLED:

Although injection drug use (IDU) and blood transfusions prior to 1992 are well-accepted risk factors for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, many studies that evaluated tattooing as a risk factor for HCV infection did not control for a history of IDU or transfusion prior to 1992. In this large, multicenter, case-control study, we analyzed demographic and HCV risk factor exposure history data from 3,871 patients, including 1,930 with chronic HCV infection (HCV RNA-positive) and 1,941 HCV-negative (HCV antibody-negative) controls. Crude and fully adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of tattoo exposure by multivariate logistic regression in HCV-infected versus controls were determined. As expected, IDU (65.9% versus 17.8%; P < 0.001), blood transfusion prior to 1992 (22.3% versus 11.1%; P < 0.001), and history of having one or more tattoos (OR, 3.81; 95% CI, 3.23-4.49; P < 0.001) were more common in HCV-infected patients than in control subjects. After excluding all patients with a history of ever injecting drugs and those who had a blood transfusion prior to 1992, a total of 1,886 subjects remained for analysis (465 HCV-positive patients and 1,421 controls). Among these individuals without traditional risk factors, HCV-positive patients remained significantly more likely to have a history of one or more tattoos after adjustment for age, sex, and race/ethnicity (OR, 5.17; 95% CI, 3.75-7.11; P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION:

Tattooing is associated with HCV infection, even among those without traditional HCV risk factors such as IDU and blood transfusion prior to 1992.

• Authors: Kerrilynn Carney, Sameer Dhalla, Ayse Aytaman, Craig T Tenner, Fritz Francois
• Journal: Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) (Hepatology) Vol. 57 Issue 6 Pg. 2117-23 (Jun 2013) ISSN: 1527-3350 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 23315899 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Multicenter Study)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2013 American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases.

Topics

• Adult
• Aged
• Case-Control Studies
• Female
• Hepatitis C (etiology)
• Humans
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Odds Ratio
• Risk Factors
• Tattooing (adverse effects)