Vitamin D status and cause-specific mortality: a general population study.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in observational studies. The specific causes of death underlying this association lack clarity. We investigated the association between vitamin D status and cause-specific mortality.

METHODS:

We included a total of 9,146 individuals from the two population-based studies, Monica10 and Inter99, conducted in 1993-94 and 1999-2001, respectively. Vitamin D status was assessed as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Information on causes of death was obtained from The Danish Register of Causes of Death until 31 December 2009. There were a total of 832 deaths (median follow-up 10.3 years).

RESULTS:

Multivariable Cox regression analyses with age as underlying time axis and vitamin D quartiles showed significant associations between vitamin D status and death caused by diseases of the respiratory system, the digestive system, and endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases with hazard ratios (HRs) 0.26 (p(trend) = 0.0042), 0.28 (p(trend) = 0.0040), and 0.21 (p(trend) = 0.035), respectively, for the fourth vitamin D quartile compared to the first. We found non-significantly lower HRs for death caused by mental and behavioural diseases and diseases of the nervous system, but no association between vitamin D status and death caused by neoplasms or diseases of the circulatory system.

CONCLUSION:

The associations of vitamin D status and cause-specific mortality suggest that we also look elsewhere (than to cardiovascular disease and cancer) to explain the inverse association between vitamin D status and mortality.

• Authors: Tea Skaaby, Lise Lotte Nystrup Husemoen, Charlotta Pisinger, Torben Jørgensen, Betina Heinsbæk Thuesen, Mogens Fenger, Allan Linneberg
• Journal: PloS one (PLoS One) Vol. 7 Issue 12 Pg. e52423 ( 2012) ISSN: 1932-6203 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 23285034 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Vitamin D
• 25-hydroxyvitamin D

Topics

• Cause of Death
• Confidence Intervals
• Denmark (epidemiology)
• Female
• Follow-Up Studies
• Humans
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Mortality
• Proportional Hazards Models
• Risk Factors
• Vitamin D (analogs & derivatives, blood)