Experimental determination of a subantimicrobial dosage of doxycycline hyclate for treatment of periodontitis in Beagles.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

To identify a subantimicrobial dose of doxycycline hyclate (SDD) and for the treatment of periodontitis in dogs.

ANIMALS:

20 healthy Beagles for measurement of serum doxycycline concentration and 15 Beagles with periodontitis for evaluation of the efficacy of the SDD.

PROCEDURES:

5 dogs each received doxycycline hyclate PO at a dose of 1, 2, 3, or 5 mg/kg. Blood samples were collected before and after administration, and serum concentrations of doxycycline were measured via high-performance liquid chromatography. Mean serum doxycycline concentrations were calculated, and SDDs were identified. In a separate trial, the identified SDDs (1 or 2 mg/kg) were administered PO once a day for 1 month to dogs with periodontitis (n = 5/group) and a control group (5) was fed vehicle only during the same period. Degree of gingival attachment and bleeding on probing (present or absent) were recorded. Gingival samples were collected before and after the 1-month period from the same anatomic sites. Degree of matrix metalloproteinase inhibition in gingival samples was determined via gelatin zymography and compared among treatment groups.

RESULTS:

Mean serum doxycycline concentrations in healthy dogs that received 1 or 2 mg of doxycycline/kg were consistently significantly lower than the minimal inhibitory doxycycline concentration for treatment of periodontitis throughout the 24-hour posttreatment period. Zymographic intensities were lower in dogs given 1 and 2 mg/kg than in the control dogs, and the degree of gingival attachment and bleeding significantly improved in dogs given 2 mg/kg, compared with in the control dogs and dogs given 1 mg of doxycycline/kg.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE:

A doxycycline dosage of 2 mg/kg daily appeared to be an appropriate subantimicrobial regimen for dogs with periodontitis. Furthermore, this dosage may be suitable for long-term treatment of gelatinolytic inflammatory diseases such as periodontitis in this species.

• Authors: Se Eun Kim, Soohee Kim, Manbok Jeong, Yesran Lee, Jeong Taek Ahn, Young Woo Park, Jae Sang Ahn, Euiri Lee, Doug-Young Ryu, Kangmoon Seo
• Journal: American journal of veterinary research (Am J Vet Res) Vol. 74 Issue 1 Pg. 130-5 (Jan 2013) ISSN: 1943-5681 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 23270357 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Anti-Bacterial Agents
• Doxycycline

Topics

• Animals
• Anti-Bacterial Agents (blood, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic use)
• Bacterial Infections (drug therapy, veterinary)
• Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid (veterinary)
• Dog Diseases (drug therapy)
• Dogs
• Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
• Doxycycline (blood, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic use)
• Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel (veterinary)
• Microbial Sensitivity Tests (veterinary)
• Periodontitis (drug therapy, veterinary)