Evidence supporting a protective role for th9 and th22 cytokines in human and experimental periapical lesions.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:

The development of periapical granulomas is dependent on the host response and involves Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg-related cytokines. The discovery of new Th9 and Th22 subsets, with important immunomodulatory roles mediated by interleukin (IL)-9 and IL-22, respectively, emphasizes the need for reevaluation of current cytokine paradigms in context of periapical lesions. We investigated the expression of IL-9 and IL-22 in active and stable human granulomas and throughout experimental lesion development in mice.

METHODS:

Periapical granulomas (N = 83) and control specimens (N = 24) were evaluated regarding the expression of IL-9 and IL-22 via real-time polymerase chain reaction. Experimental periapical lesions were induced in mice (pulp exposure and bacterial inoculation) and the lesions evolution correlation with IL-9 and IL-22 expression kinetics was evaluated.

RESULTS:

IL-9 and IL-22 mRNA expression was higher in periapical lesions than in control samples; higher levels of IL-9 and IL-22 were observed in inactive than in active lesions. In the experimental lesions model, increasing levels of IL-9 and IL-22 mRNA were detected in the lesions, and inverse correlations were found between IL-9 and IL-22 and the increase of lesion area in the different time point intervals.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our results suggest that Th9 and Th22 pathways may contribute to human and experimental periapical lesion stability.

• Authors: Andreza Maria Fabio Aranha, Carlos Eduardo Repeke, Thiago Pompermaier Garlet, Andreia Espindola Vieira, Ana Paula Campanelli, Ana Paula Favaro Trombone, Ariadne Letra, Renato Menezes Silva, Gustavo Pompermaier Garlet
• Journal: Journal of endodontics (J Endod) Vol. 39 Issue 1 Pg. 83-7 (Jan 2013) ISSN: 1878-3554 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 23228262 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2013 American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• IL9 protein, human
• Interleukin-9
• Interleukins
• Osteoprotegerin
• RANK Ligand
• TNFRSF11B protein, human
• TNFSF11 protein, human
• interleukin-22

Topics

• Actinomycosis (immunology)
• Adolescent
• Adult
• Animals
• Bacteroidaceae Infections (immunology)
• Dental Pulp Exposure (immunology, microbiology)
• Disease Models, Animal
• Female
• Fusobacterium Infections (immunology)
• Fusobacterium nucleatum (immunology)
• Humans
• Immunomodulation (immunology)
• Interleukin-9 (immunology)
• Interleukins (immunology)
• Male
• Mice
• Middle Aged
• Osteoprotegerin (analysis)
• Periapical Granuloma (immunology)
• Porphyromonas gingivalis (immunology)
• Prevotella nigrescens (immunology)
• RANK Ligand (analysis)
• T-Lymphocyte Subsets (immunology)
• T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer (immunology)
• T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory (immunology)
• Young Adult