Diagnostic and prognostic role of steroidogenic factor 1 in adrenocortical carcinoma: a validation study focusing on clinical and pathologic correlates.
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| Abstract |
The pathologic characterization of adrenocortical cancer is still problematic for several reasons, including the identification of novel markers of diagnostic or prognostic relevance. Among them, steroidogenic factor 1 deserves major interest because of its potential usefulness as a marker of adrenocortical derivation and of biological aggressiveness. Our aim was to validate its prognostic relevance in a large series of adrenocortical cancer, comparing the performance of 2 different commercial antibodies and investigating its expression in adrenocortical cancer variants and in comparison with clinical and pathologic features. Seventy-five (including 53 classical, 10 myxoid, and 12 oncocytic) adrenocortical cancer cases were included in tissue microarrays and analyzed for the immunohistochemical expression of steroidogenic factor 1 using 2 commercial antibodies, 1 polyclonal and 1 monoclonal (N1665). Nuclear steroidogenic factor 1 staining was assessed using a semiquantitative score and correlated with adrenocortical cancer type and clinical pathologic characteristics. A weak but significant correlation was found comparing the 2 antibodies with a positive rate of 88% and 58% using the monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, respectively. High steroidogenic factor 1 expression with the N1665 antibody was positively correlated with high mitotic count, high Ki-67 index, and high European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumors (ENSAT) stage and negatively associated with loss of functionality and presence of oncocytic features. Moreover, high steroidogenic factor 1 expression with this same antibody was significantly associated at univariate analysis with a decreased survival, together with high Ki-67 and mitotic indexes, with a trend to significance confirmed by multivariate analysis, thus supporting the detection of steroidogenic factor 1 using the N1665 antibody as a novel prognostic marker in adrenocortical cancer.
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| Authors | Eleonora Duregon, Marco Volante, Jessica Giorcelli, Massimo Terzolo, Enzo Lalli, Mauro Papotti |
| Journal | Human pathology (Hum Pathol) Vol. 44 Issue 5 Pg. 822-8 (May 2013) ISSN: 1532-8392 [Electronic] United States |
| PMID | 23158211 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't) |
| Copyright | Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
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