Factors associated with specific clinical forms of oral candidiasis in HIV-infected Brazilian adults.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

This study assesses the association among factors related with specific clinical forms of oral candidiasis (OC) in HIV-infected Brazilian adults.

DESIGN:

This study was conducted with 590 HIV-infected adults from 1997 to 2004. The OC diagnosis was based in accordance with the EC-Clearinghouse classification. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to measure the association between HAART and OC, with pseudomembranous [PC], erythematous [EC], and angular cheilitis [AC]) adjusted for HIV-related diseases, smoking, alcohol consumption, injecting and non-injecting drug use.

RESULTS:

Two hundred and eighteen (37.0%) individuals were undergoing HAART. The prevalence of PC, EC and AC was 21.2%, 15.7% and 8.8%, respectively. Approximately 64% of the individuals with PC and EC, and 76.5% with AC had absolute CD4 levels ≤200cells/mm(3). The results of the multivariate analysis showed that subjects not undergoing HAART had a significantly higher odds ratio for PC [OR 3.67 (95% CI: 1.97-6.80)] and EC [OR 1.88 (95% CI: 1.04-3.39)], and AC [OR 4.56 (95% CI: 1.58-13.19)]. In addition, smoking [OR 2.58 (95% CI: 1.43-4.68)] and pneumocystis pneumonia [OR 1.92 (95% CI: 1.07-3.42)] were associated with PC, while high alcohol consumption [OR 3.40 (95% CI: 1.13-10.18)] and cytomegalovirus infection [OR 2.34 (95% CI: 1.06-5.15)] were associated with EC.

CONCLUSION:

The data indicates that the odds of having all clinical forms of OC are higher in HIV-infected adults not receiving HAART.

• Authors: Lucio Souza Gonçalves, Arley Silva Júnior, Sônia Maria Soares Ferreira, Celso Oliveira Sousa, Tatiana Vasconcellos Fontes, Mario Vianna Vettore, Sandra Regina Torres
• Journal: Archives of oral biology (Arch Oral Biol) Vol. 58 Issue 6 Pg. 657-63 (Jun 2013) ISSN: 1879-1506 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 23123068 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Topics

• AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections (diagnosis)
• Adult
• Alcohol Drinking
• Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active
• Brazil
• CD4 Lymphocyte Count
• Candidiasis, Oral (diagnosis)
• Cheilitis (diagnosis)
• Cross-Sectional Studies
• Cytomegalovirus Infections (diagnosis)
• Educational Status
• Female
• HIV Infections (complications, drug therapy)
• Humans
• Income
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Pneumonia, Pneumocystis (diagnosis)
• Sarcoma, Kaposi (diagnosis)
• Smoking
• Substance Abuse, Intravenous (complications)
• Substance-Related Disorders (complications)
• Toxoplasmosis (diagnosis)
• Tuberculosis (diagnosis)
• Young Adult