HOMEPRODUCTSCOMPANYCONTACTFAQResearchDictionaryPharmaSign Up FREE or Login

Calcium paradox in an in vivo model of multidose cardioplegia and moderate hypothermia. Prevention with diltiazem or trace calcium levels.

Abstract
The production and prevention of calcium paradox injury in myocardium was studied in a canine model of cardiopulmonary bypass with multidose, moderately hypothermic, crystalloid cardioplegic solution. During 4 1/2 hours of global ischemia, three groups of six dogs each received one of three histidine-buffered cardioplegic solutions (500 ml initially and 250 ml every 30 minutes) at 27 degrees C. Group 1 cardioplegic solution was calcium free, group 2 solution contained a trace amount of calcium chloride (70 mumols /L), and group 3 cardioplegic solution was calcium free but contained diltiazem (150 micrograms/kg body weight). Left ventricular function measured as percent control of developed pressure revealed significantly greater (p less than 0.05) recovery in groups 2 and 3. Triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining showed 35% +/- 9% (mean +/- standard error) of heart mass necrosis in group 1 versus 0% and 0.5% +/- 0.4% in groups 2 and 3, respectively (p less than 0.001). Electron microscopy revealed ultrastructural changes characteristic of calcium paradox injury in group 1 myocardium. Calcium paradox injury was produced in an in vivo model of global myocardial ischemia and multidose cardioplegia despite moderate hypothermia and non-coronary collateral flow. The addition of either trace levels of calcium or diltiazem to the cardioplegic solution was effective in preventing this injury.
AuthorsI M Rebeyka, R A Axford-Gatley, B G Bush, P J del Nido, D A Mickle, A D Romaschin, G J Wilson
JournalThe Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery (J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg) Vol. 99 Issue 3 Pg. 475-83 (Mar 1990) ISSN: 0022-5223 [Print] United States
PMID2308365 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References
  • Diltiazem
  • Calcium
Topics
  • Animals
  • Blood Pressure
  • Calcium (adverse effects, therapeutic use)
  • Cardiopulmonary Bypass
  • Coronary Disease (physiopathology)
  • Diltiazem (therapeutic use)
  • Dogs
  • Heart (physiopathology)
  • Heart Arrest, Induced
  • Hypothermia, Induced
  • Myocardial Reperfusion Injury (prevention & control)
  • Myocardium (pathology)
  • Necrosis

Join CureHunter, for free Research Interface BASIC access!

Take advantage of free CureHunter research engine access to explore the best drug and treatment options for any disease. Find out why thousands of doctors, pharma researchers and patient activists around the world use CureHunter every day.
Realize the full power of the drug-disease research graph!


Choose Username:
Email:
Password:
Verify Password:
Enter Code Shown: