Abstract |
The promise of individualized treatment is gradually being fulfilled, and targeted therapy is becoming a powerful strategy to treat selected patients based on their molecular profile. For metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients anti-EGFR ( epidermal growth factor receptor) targeted therapy has markedly improved disease control and survival. However, only a subgroup of patients with mCRC respond to anti-EGFR treatment, and selecting the patients with a positive effect from treatment is important for both the patient and the society. Patients with mutations in the KRAS gene are known as non-responders to anti-EGFR treatment and, consequently, KRAS testing has been employed in routine clinical practice for patient selection. However, a large number of the KRAS wildtype patients do not respond to this treatment. The molecular mechanism underlying response is not fully understood, and other members of the KRAS-BRAF pathway and PI3K-AKT pathway are investigated as predictive biomarkers. Furthermore, concordance of mutation status of primary tumors and their corresponding hepatic or pulmonary metastases, as well as treatment-induced mutations, possess another challenge for properly tailoring the appropriate therapy to this patient group. In this review, molecular biomarkers involved in prediction of response to anti-EGFR treatment are discussed.
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Authors | Marianne Berg, Kjetil Soreide |
Journal | Discovery medicine
(Discov Med)
Vol. 14
Issue 76
Pg. 207-14
(Sep 2012)
ISSN: 1944-7930 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 23021375
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)
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Chemical References |
- Biomarkers
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases
- ErbB Receptors
- BRAF protein, human
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
- ras Proteins
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Topics |
- Biomarkers
(metabolism)
- Cell Survival
- Colorectal Neoplasms
(drug therapy, metabolism)
- ErbB Receptors
(metabolism)
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Genes, ras
- Humans
- Models, Biological
- Mutation
- Neoplasm Metastasis
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases
(metabolism)
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf
(metabolism)
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
(metabolism)
- ras Proteins
(metabolism)
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