Abstract | SUMMARY: While the previous review of CNS-IRIS in the HIV-infected patient on highly active antiretroviral therapy (Part 1) dealt with an overview of the biology, pathology, and neurologic presentation of this condition and a discussion of the atypical imaging findings in PML-IRIS and cryptococcal meningitis-IRIS due to the robust inflammatory response, the current review (Part 2) discusses the imaging findings in other commonly encountered organisms seen in association with CNS-IRIS, namely, VZV, CMV, HIV, Candida organisms, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and Toxoplasma gondii. Also described is the imaging appearance of CNS-IRIS when not associated with a particular organism. Recognition of these imaging findings will give credence to the diagnosis of CNS-IRIS and will allow the clinician to institute changes in medical management, if necessary, so that immune reconstitution and improved patient outcome can occur with time.
|
Authors | M J D Post, M M Thurnher, D B Clifford, A Nath, R G Gonzalez, R K Gupta, K K Post |
Journal | AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology
(AJNR Am J Neuroradiol)
Vol. 34
Issue 7
Pg. 1308-18
(Jul 2013)
ISSN: 1936-959X [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 22790252
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)
|
Topics |
- AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections
(diagnosis)
- Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active
- Candidiasis
(diagnosis)
- Central Nervous System Diseases
(immunology)
- Central Nervous System Fungal Infections
(diagnosis)
- Central Nervous System Infections
(diagnosis)
- Central Nervous System Viral Diseases
(diagnosis)
- HIV Infections
(drug therapy)
- Herpesviridae Infections
(diagnosis)
- Humans
- Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome
(diagnosis)
- Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral
(diagnosis)
- Tuberculosis, Central Nervous System
(diagnosis)
|