Abstract | BACKGROUND: METHODOLOGY: The efficacy and safety of a single oral dose of nitazoxanide (1,000 mg), or albendazole (400 mg), and a nitazoxanide- albendazole combination (1,000 mg-400 mg), with each drug administered separately on two consecutive days, were assessed in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in two schools on Pemba, Tanzania. Cure and egg reduction rates were calculated by per-protocol analysis and by available case analysis. Adverse events were assessed and graded before treatment and four times after treatment. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Complete data for the per-protocol analysis were available from 533 T. trichiura-positive children. Cure rates against T. trichiura were low regardless of the treatment ( nitazoxanide- albendazole, 16.0%; albendazole, 14.5%; and nitazoxanide, 6.6%). Egg reduction rates were 54.9% for the nitazoxanide- albendazole combination, 45.6% for single albendazole, and 13.4% for single nitazoxanide. Similar cure and egg reduction rates were calculated using the available case analysis. Children receiving nitazoxanide had significantly more adverse events compared to placebo recipients. Most of the adverse events were mild and had resolved within 24 hours posttreatment. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:
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Authors | Benjamin Speich, Shaali M Ame, Said M Ali, Rainer Alles, Jan Hattendorf, Jürg Utzinger, Marco Albonico, Jennifer Keiser |
Journal | PLoS neglected tropical diseases
(PLoS Negl Trop Dis)
Vol. 6
Issue 6
Pg. e1685
( 2012)
ISSN: 1935-2735 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 22679525
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Chemical References |
- Anthelmintics
- Nitro Compounds
- Placebos
- Thiazoles
- Albendazole
- nitazoxanide
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Topics |
- Administration, Oral
- Adolescent
- Albendazole
(administration & dosage, adverse effects)
- Animals
- Anthelmintics
(administration & dosage, adverse effects)
- Child
- Double-Blind Method
- Drug Therapy, Combination
(adverse effects)
- Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
(epidemiology)
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Nitro Compounds
- Parasite Egg Count
- Placebos
(administration & dosage)
- Tanzania
- Thiazoles
(administration & dosage, adverse effects)
- Treatment Outcome
- Trichuriasis
(drug therapy, parasitology)
- Trichuris
(isolation & purification)
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