Abstract | OBJECTIVE: DESIGN: Double-blinded, randomized, parallel, clinical trial. ANIMALS: 46 AED-naïve dogs with naturally occurring epilepsy. PROCEDURES: Study inclusion was based on age, history, findings on physical and neurologic examinations, and clinicopathologic test results. For either phenobarbital treatment (21 dogs) or bromide treatment (25), a 7-day loading dose period was initiated along with a maintenance dose, which was adjusted on the basis of monthly monitoring. Efficacy and safety outcomes were compared between times (baseline and study end [generally 6 months]) and between drugs. RESULTS:
Phenobarbital treatment resulted in eradication of seizures (17/20 [85%]) significantly more often than did bromide (12/23 [52%]); phenobarbital treatment also resulted in a greater percentage decrease in seizure duration (88 ± 34%), compared with bromide (49 ± 75%). Seizure activity worsened in 3 bromide-treated dogs only. In dogs with seizure eradication, mean ± SD serum phenobarbital concentration was 25 ± 6 μg/mL ( phenobarbital dosage, 4.1 ± 1.1 mg/kg [1.9 ± 0.5 mg/lb], p.o., q 12 h) and mean serum bromide concentration was 1.8 ± 0.6 mg/mL ( bromide dosage, 31 ± 11 mg/kg [14 ± 5 mg/lb], p.o., q 12 h). Ataxia, lethargy, and polydipsia were greater at 1 month for phenobarbital-treated dogs; vomiting was greater for bromide-treated dogs at 1 month and study end. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Both phenobarbital and bromide were reasonable first-choice AEDs for dogs, but phenobarbital was more effective and better tolerated during the first 6 months of treatment.
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Authors | Dawn Merton Boothe, Curtis Dewey, David Mark Carpenter |
Journal | Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
(J Am Vet Med Assoc)
Vol. 240
Issue 9
Pg. 1073-83
(May 01 2012)
ISSN: 1943-569X [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 22515627
(Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Chemical References |
- Anticonvulsants
- Bromides
- Phenobarbital
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Topics |
- Animals
- Anticonvulsants
(therapeutic use)
- Bromides
(therapeutic use)
- Dog Diseases
(drug therapy)
- Dogs
- Epilepsy
(drug therapy, veterinary)
- Female
- Male
- Phenobarbital
(therapeutic use)
- Time Factors
- Treatment Outcome
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