The role of iNOS inhibitors on lung injury induced by gastrointestinal decontamination agents aspiration.

Abstract

Aspiration is a devastating complication during decontamination procedure in poisoning patients. We have investigated whether S-methylisothiourea protects different pulmonary aspiration gastrointestinal decontamination agent-induced lung injury in rats. Forty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to one of six groups (n = 7): normal saline, activated charcoal, polyethylene glycol, normal saline + S-methylisothiourea treated activated charcoal + S-methylisothiourea treated and polyethylene glycol + S-methylisothiourea treated. Normal saline, activated aharcoal and polyethylene glycol were instilled into the lungs. The rats received S-methylisothiourea i.p twice daily for 7 days. Serum surfactant protein D, oxidative stress products and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in the lung were investigated. The aspiration of activated charcoal significantly increased all histopathological scores (P < 0.01). Only peribronchial inflammatory cell infiltration, alveolar edema, and alveolar histiocytes were increased in the polyethylene glycol groups as compared to the normal saline group (P < 0.05). Pulmonary aspiration increased serum malondialdehyde (P < 0.001), and surfactant protein D (P < 0.05) levels and decreased serum superoxide dismutase levels (P < 0.05). S-methylisothiourea treatment decreased all histopathological scores in the activated charcoal treated S-methylisothiourea group (P < 0.01) and only decreased alveolar edema and alveolar histiocytes in the polyethylene glycol-treated S-methylisothiourea group (P < 0.05). S-methylisothiourea treatment reduced elevated oxidative factors, inducible nitric oxide synthase activity and serum surfactant protein D levels. Our findings showed that S-methylisothiourea may be a protective drug against Activated Charcoal and Polyethylene Glycol-induced lung injury.

• Authors: Ahmet Güzel, Aygül Güzel, Mithat Günaydin, Hasan Alaçam, Osman Saliş, M Sükrü Paksu, Naci Murat, Ayhan Gacar, Tolga Güvenç
• Journal: Journal of molecular histology (J Mol Histol) Vol. 43 Issue 3 Pg. 351-60 (Jun 2012) ISSN: 1567-2387 [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 22374168 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Enzyme Inhibitors
• Gastrointestinal Agents
• Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein D
• Reactive Oxygen Species
• Charcoal
• Isothiuronium
• Nitric Oxide
• Polyethylene Glycols
• Malondialdehyde
• Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
• Nos2 protein, rat
• Superoxide Dismutase
• S-methylisothiopseudouronium

Topics

• Acute Lung Injury (chemically induced, drug therapy, enzymology, pathology)
• Administration, Inhalation
• Animals
• Charcoal (administration & dosage, adverse effects)
• Enzyme Inhibitors (therapeutic use)
• Gastrointestinal Agents (administration & dosage, adverse effects)
• Histiocytes (drug effects, enzymology, pathology)
• Isothiuronium (analogs & derivatives, therapeutic use)
• Lung (drug effects, enzymology, pathology)
• Male
• Malondialdehyde (blood)
• Nitric Oxide (biosynthesis)
• Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II (antagonists & inhibitors, metabolism)
• Oxidative Stress
• Polyethylene Glycols (administration & dosage, adverse effects)
• Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein D (blood)
• Rats
• Rats, Sprague-Dawley
• Reactive Oxygen Species (metabolism)
• Superoxide Dismutase (blood)