Comparative activity of pradofloxacin and marbofloxacin against coagulase-positive staphylococci in a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model based on canine pharmacokinetics.

Abstract

Pradofloxacin (PRA), a novel veterinary 8-cyano-fluoroquinolone (FQ), is active against Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, the primary cause of canine pyoderma. An in vitro pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model was used to compare the activities of PRA and marbofloxacin (MAR) against three clinical isolates of S. pseudintermedius and reference strain Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538. Experiments were performed involving populations of 10(10) CFU corresponding to an inoculum density of approximately 5 × 10(7) CFU/mL. The time course of free drug concentrations in canine serum was modelled, resulting from once daily standard oral dosing of 3 mg of PRA/kg and 2 mg of MAR/kg. In addition, experimentally high doses of 6 mg of PRA/kg and 16 mg of MAR/kg were tested against the least susceptible strain. Viable counts were monitored over 24 h. At concentrations associated with standard doses, PRA caused a faster and more sustained killing than MAR of all strains. The ratios of free drug under the concentration-time curve for 24 h over MIC and the maximum concentration of free drug over MIC were at least 90 and 26, and 8.5 and 2.1 for PRA and MAR, respectively. At experimentally high doses, PRA was superior to MAR in terms of immediate killing. Subpopulations with reduced susceptibility to either FQ did not emerge. We conclude that PRA is likely to be an efficacious therapy of canine staphylococcal infections.

• Authors: B Körber-Irrgang, H-G Wetzstein, S Bagel-Trah, D Hafner, M Kresken
• Journal: Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics (J Vet Pharmacol Ther) Vol. 35 Issue 6 Pg. 571-9 (Dec 2012) ISSN: 1365-2885 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 22276681 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Chemical References

• Anti-Bacterial Agents
• Fluoroquinolones
• pradofloxacin
• marbofloxacin

Topics

• Animals
• Anti-Bacterial Agents (pharmacokinetics, pharmacology)
• Area Under Curve
• Dogs
• Fluoroquinolones (pharmacokinetics, pharmacology)
• Half-Life
• Microbial Sensitivity Tests
• Models, Biological
• Staphylococcus (classification, drug effects)