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Protective efficacy of a Treponema pallidum Gpd DNA vaccine vectored by chitosan nanoparticles and fused with interleukin-2.

Abstract
In the present study, immunomodulatory responses of a DNA vaccine constructed by fusing Treponema pallidum (Tp) glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase (Gpd) to interleukin-2 (IL-2) and using chitosan (CS) nanoparticles as vectors were investigated. New Zealand white rabbits were immunized by intramuscular inoculation of control DNAs, Tp Gpd DNA vaccine, or Gpd-IL-2 fusion DNA vaccine, which were vectored by CS nanoparticles. Levels of the anti-Gpd antibodies and levels of IL-2 and interferon-γ in rabbits were increased upon inoculation of Gpd-IL-2 fusion DNA vaccine, when compared with the inoculation with Gpd DNA vaccine, with CS vectoring increasing the effects. The Gpd-IL-2 fusion DNA vaccine efficiently enhanced the antigen-specific lymphocyte proliferative response. When the rabbits were challenged intradermally with 10(5) Tp (Nichols) spirochetes, the Gpd-IL-2 fusion DNA vaccine conferred better protection than the Gpd DNA vaccine (P < 0.05), as characterized by lower detectable amounts of dark field positive lesions (17.5%), lower ulcerative lesion scores (15%), and faster recovery. Individuals treated with the Tp Gpd-IL-2 fusion DNA vaccine vectored by CS nanoparticles had the lowest amounts of dark field positive lesions (10%) and ulcerations (5%) observed and the fastest recovery (42 days). These results indicate that the Gpd-IL-2 fusion DNA vaccine vectored by CS nanoparticles can efficiently induce Th1-dominant immune responses, improve protective efficacy against Tp spirochete infection, and effectively attenuate development of syphilitic lesions.
AuthorsFeijun Zhao, Shiping Wang, Xiaohong Zhang, Weiming Gu, Jian Yu, Shuangquan Liu, Tiebing Zeng, Yuejun Zhang, Yimou Wu
JournalCanadian journal of microbiology (Can J Microbiol) Vol. 58 Issue 2 Pg. 117-23 (Feb 2012) ISSN: 1480-3275 [Electronic] Canada
PMID22260167 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References
  • Adjuvants, Immunologic
  • Drug Carriers
  • Interleukin-2
  • Vaccines, DNA
  • Interferon-gamma
  • Chitosan
Topics
  • Adjuvants, Immunologic (chemistry, therapeutic use)
  • Animals
  • Chitosan (chemistry)
  • Drug Carriers
  • Drug Delivery Systems
  • Genetic Vectors
  • Humans
  • Immunization
  • Interferon-gamma (metabolism)
  • Interleukin-2 (chemistry, metabolism)
  • Lymphocyte Activation (drug effects)
  • Male
  • Nanoparticles (chemistry)
  • Rabbits
  • Syphilis (metabolism, prevention & control)
  • Treponema pallidum (genetics)
  • Vaccines, DNA (administration & dosage, therapeutic use)

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