Management of tumor lysis syndrome with a single fixed dose of rasburicase in Asian lymphoma patients: a case series and literature review.

Abstract

AIM:

Recently, a number of studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of a single reduced dose of rasburicase for the management of tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) in adults. Whether Asian lymphoma patients similarly respond to a single dose of rasburicase is currently unknown. We aim to assess the efficacy of a single dose rasburicase in preventing TLS in Asian lymphoma patients.

METHODS:

This was a single-center case series of adult lymphoma patients at high risk of TLS who received a single fixed dose of rasburicase. Patients had to have their uric acid, serum creatinine, lactate dehydrogenase and electrolytes monitored for at least 24-48 h post-administration.

RESULTS:

Eleven patients were identified. Majority were Chinese (91%), male (64%) and with a median age of 61 years (range 41-84). All had at least two risk factors for developing TLS. Ten patients received a 6-mg dose and one received 4.5 mg. Prior to rasburicase administration, the mean uric acid level was 835 µmol/L (range 318-1237 µmol/L) and the level 24-h post-administration was 186 µmol/L (range 30-653 µmol/L) (P < 0.001). Eight patients (73%) experienced an improvement of renal function 72-h post-rasburicase. Normalization of serum electrolytes was achieved within 96 h.

CONCLUSION:

Among Asian lymphoma patients who manifested at least two risk factors for developing TLS, a single fixed dose of rasburicase at 6 mg is deemed to be effective for rapidly lowering uric acid levels as well as sustaining reduced levels for up to 72 h.

• Authors: Joen Chiang, Alexandre Chan, Tracy Lian, Kevin Tay, Richard Quek, Miriam Tao, Soon Thye Lim
• Journal: Asia-Pacific journal of clinical oncology (Asia Pac J Clin Oncol) Vol. 7 Issue 4 Pg. 351-6 (Dec 2011) ISSN: 1743-7563 [Electronic] Australia
• PMID: 22151984 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)
• Copyright: © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd.

Chemical References

• rasburicase
• Uric Acid
• Creatinine
• L-Lactate Dehydrogenase
• Urate Oxidase

Topics

• Adult
• Aged
• Aged, 80 and over
• Asia
• Burkitt Lymphoma (blood, pathology)
• Creatinine (blood)
• Female
• Humans
• L-Lactate Dehydrogenase (blood)
• Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse (blood, pathology)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Risk Factors
• Tumor Lysis Syndrome (blood, drug therapy, pathology)
• Urate Oxidase (therapeutic use)
• Uric Acid (blood)