The incidence of Brucella canis
infection in humans is unknown in Turkey. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of B. canis
infection in human sera obtained from six regions in Turkey and comparatively evaluated the results obtained by agglutination-based techniques using standardized
antigens made from B. canis. The patients (n = 1,746) presented with clinical symptoms that were similar to those of
brucellosis. All patients who tested negative in the
Rose Bengal test for the smooth Brucella strains (abortus, melitensis, and suis) were screened for evidence of B. canis
infection using the rapid slide agglutination test (RSAT), the microagglutination test (MAT), and the
2-mercaptoethanol RSAT test (2ME-RSAT). Of the samples tested, 157 (8.9%), 68 (3.8%), and 66 (3.7%) were positive for B. canis, as determined by RSAT, MAT, and 2ME-RSAT, respectively. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of RSAT were 100%, 94.6%, 42%, and 100%, respectively, and of MAT were 100%, 99.9%, 97%, and 100%, respectively. We recommend the routine use of MAT and 2ME-RSAT to check the sera of all patients with symptoms of
brucellosis who are negative for
brucellosis using a smooth Brucella
antigen.