Abstract |
In an effort to develop an improved anthrax vaccine that shows high potency, five different anthrax protective antigen (PA)-adjuvant vaccine formulations that were previously found to be efficacious in a nonhuman primate model were evaluated for their efficacy in a rabbit pulmonary challenge model using Bacillus anthracis Ames strain spores. The vaccine formulations include PA adsorbed to Alhydrogel, PA encapsulated in liposomes containing monophosphoryl lipid A, stable liposomal PA oil-in-water emulsion, PA displayed on bacteriophage T4 by the intramuscular route, and PA mixed with Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin administered by the needle-free transcutaneous route. Three of the vaccine formulations administered by the intramuscular or the transcutaneous route as a three-dose regimen induced 100% protection in the rabbit model. One of the formulations, liposomal PA, also induced significantly higher lethal toxin neutralizing antibodies than PA-Alhydrogel. Even 5 months after the second immunization of a two-dose regimen, rabbits vaccinated with liposomal PA were 100% protected from lethal challenge with Ames strain spores. In summary, the needle-free skin delivery and liposomal formulation that were found to be effective in two different animal model systems appear to be promising candidates for next-generation anthrax vaccine development.
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Authors | Kristina K Peachman, Qin Li, Gary R Matyas, Sathish B Shivachandra, Julie Lovchik, Rick C Lyons, Carl R Alving, Venigalla B Rao, Mangala Rao |
Journal | Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI
(Clin Vaccine Immunol)
Vol. 19
Issue 1
Pg. 11-6
(Jan 2012)
ISSN: 1556-679X [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 22089245
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.)
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Chemical References |
- Adjuvants, Immunologic
- Anthrax Vaccines
- Antibodies, Bacterial
- Antibodies, Neutralizing
- Antigens, Bacterial
- Antitoxins
- Bacterial Toxins
- Enterotoxins
- Escherichia coli Proteins
- Liposomes
- heat-labile enterotoxin, E coli
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Topics |
- Adjuvants, Immunologic
(administration & dosage)
- Administration, Cutaneous
- Animals
- Anthrax
(prevention & control)
- Anthrax Vaccines
(administration & dosage, immunology)
- Antibodies, Bacterial
- Antibodies, Neutralizing
(blood)
- Antigens, Bacterial
(immunology)
- Antitoxins
(blood)
- Bacillus anthracis
(immunology)
- Bacterial Toxins
(administration & dosage)
- Bacteriophage T4
- Disease Models, Animal
- Enterotoxins
(administration & dosage)
- Escherichia coli Proteins
(administration & dosage)
- Female
- Injections, Intramuscular
- Liposomes
(administration & dosage)
- Nanoparticles
(administration & dosage)
- Rabbits
- Survival Analysis
- Time Factors
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