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Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can differentiate and assume corneal keratocyte phenotype.

Abstract
It remains elusive as to what bone marrow (BM) cell types infiltrate into injured and/or diseased tissues and subsequently differentiate to assume the phenotype of residential cells, for example, neurons, cardiac myocytes, keratocytes, etc., to repair damaged tissue. Here, we examined the possibility of whether BM cell invasion via circulation into uninjured and injured corneas could assume a keratocyte phenotype, using chimeric mice generated by transplantation of enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)(+) BM cells into keratocan null (Kera(-/-)) and lumican null (Lum(-/-)) mice. EGFP(+) BM cells assumed dendritic cell morphology, but failed to synthesize corneal-specific keratan sulfate proteoglycans, that is KS-lumican and KS-keratocan. In contrast, some EGFP(+) BM cells introduced by intrastromal transplantation assumed keratocyte phenotypes. Furthermore, BM cells were isolated from Kera-Cre/ZEG mice, a double transgenic mouse line in which cells expressing keratocan become EGFP(+) due to the synthesis of Cre driven by keratocan promoter. Three days after corneal and conjunctival transplantations of such BM cells into Kera(-/-) mice, green keratocan positive cells were found in the cornea, but not in conjunctiva. It is worthy to note that transplanted BM cells were rejected in 4 weeks. MSC isolated from BM were used to examine if BM mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC) could assume keratocyte phenotype. When BM-MSC were intrastromal-transplanted into Kera(-/-) mice, they survived in the cornea without any immune and inflammatory responses and expressed keratocan in Kera(-/-) mice. These observations suggest that corneal intrastromal transplantation of BM-MSC may be an effective treatment regimen for corneal diseases involving dysfunction of keratocytes.
AuthorsHongshan Liu, Jianhua Zhang, Chia-Yang Liu, Yasuhito Hayashi, Winston W-Y Kao
JournalJournal of cellular and molecular medicine (J Cell Mol Med) Vol. 16 Issue 5 Pg. 1114-24 (May 2012) ISSN: 1582-4934 [Electronic] England
PMID21883890 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Copyright© 2011 The Authors Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine © 2011 Foundation for Cellular and Molecular Medicine/Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Chemical References
  • Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans
  • Kera protein, mouse
  • Lum protein, mouse
  • Lumican
  • Proteoglycans
  • Keratan Sulfate
Topics
  • Animals
  • Bone Marrow Cells (cytology)
  • Cell Differentiation
  • Cell Movement
  • Chimera (metabolism)
  • Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans (genetics, metabolism)
  • Conjunctiva (metabolism, transplantation)
  • Corneal Keratocytes (cytology)
  • Corneal Transplantation
  • Graft Rejection (metabolism)
  • Keratan Sulfate (genetics, metabolism)
  • Lumican
  • Male
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cells (cytology)
  • Mice
  • Mice, Transgenic
  • Proteoglycans (genetics, metabolism)

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